Measurements of Surface Ozone in Rural Site of India

Debaje, S.B.; Kakade, Apurva

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2006.12.0002

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Generally, O 3 is observed to be higher in winter and summer at measurement sites over the globe (Oltmans and Komhyr 1986;Janach 1989;Simmonds et al 2004;Oltmans et al 2006;Wang et al 2008;Tarasoval et al 2009). In India, available observations (Lal et al 2000;Naja and Lal 2002;Debaje and Kakade 2006a;Reddy et al (2008a); Londhe et al 2008;David and Nair 2011) and modeling studies (Beig et al 2007) for the western and southern Indian region show higher O 3 levels during winter and summer seasons extending until May. Such variations over India are mainly due to higher levels of precursors and the availability of ample solar radiation in winter and summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Variations in surface ozone and NOx at Kannur: a tropical, coastal site in India

2012

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Continuous measurements of surface ozone (O 3 ), NOx (NO + NO 2 ) and meteorological parameters have been made in Kannur (11.9°N, 75.4°E, 5 m asl), India from November 2009 to October 2010. It was observed that O 3 and NOx showed distinct diurnal and seasonal variabilities at this site. The annual average diurnal profile of O 3 showed a peak of (30.3±10.4) ppbv in the late afternoon and a minimum of (3.2±0.7) ppbv in the early morning. The maximum value of O 3 mixing ratio was observed in winter (44±3.1) ppbv and minimum during monsoon (18.46±3.5) ppbv. The rate of production of O 3 was found to be higher in December (10.1 ppbv/h) and lower in July (1.8 ppbv/h) during the time interval 0800-1000 h. A correlation coefficient of 0.52 for the relationship between O 3 and [NO 2 ]/[NO] reveals the role of NO 2 photolysis that generates O 3 at this site. The correlation between O 3 and meteorological parameters indicate the influence of seasonal changes on O 3 production. Investigations were further extended to explore the week day weekend variations in O 3 mixing ratio at an urban site reveals the enhancement of O 3 . The variations of O 3 mixing ratio with seasonal air mass flows were elucidated with the aid of backward air trajectories. This study also indicates how vapor phase organic species present in the ambient air at this location may influence the complex chemistry involving (VOCs) that enhances the production of O 3 at this location.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Variations in surface ozone and NOx at Kannur: a tropical, coastal site in India

2012

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“…The increase of ozone in the troposphere is the result of increase in human produced ozone precursor emissions. Ozone concentrations are found to be increasing in the free troposphere as well as near the surface in many parts of the northern hemisphere Lal et al, 2000;Varotsos et al 1994;Nair et al 2002;Debaje and Kakade 2006). Table 1 shows the average surface-ozone concentration rate of change in the daytime (08:00-20:00 hours) and nighttime (20:00-08:00 hours) at Anantapur for the study period.…”

Section: Diurnal and Seasonal Variations Of Surface Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, urban sites show almost similar morning production rates and evening loss rates (i.e., symmetric variation). Peaks observed in the late afternoon and minima in the early morning hours preceding dawn, which is a typical characteristics resulted from atmospheric photochemical reactions, transport and chemical depletion in rural region (Ahammed et al 2006;Naja and Lal 2002;Debaje and Kakade 2006). The variation of surface ozone, within a day, may be helpful in delineating the processes responsible for ozone formation or less at a particular location.…”

Section: General Meteorological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of surface ozone at semi-arid site Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl) in India

et al. 2008

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In the present study, an attempt has been made to examine the governing photochemical processes of surface ozone (O 3 ) formation in rural site. For this purpose, measurements of surface ozone and selected meteorological parameters have been made at Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl), a semi-arid zone in India from January 2002 to December 2003. The annual average diurnal variation of O 3 shows maximum concentration 46 ppbv at noon and minimum 25 ppbv in the morning with 1σ standard deviation. The average seasonal variation of ozone mixing ratios are observed to be maximum (about 60 ppbv) during summer and minimum (about 22 ppbv) in the monsoon period. The monthly daytime and nighttime average surface ozone concentration shows a maximum (55±7 ppbv; 37±7.3 ppbv) in March and minimum (28±3.4 ppbv; 22±2.3 ppbv) in August during the study period. The monthly average high (low) O 3 48.9±7.7 ppbv (26.2± 3.5 ppbv) observed at noon in March (August) is due to the possible increase in precursor gas concentration by anthropogenic activity and the influence of meteorological parameters. The rate of increase of surface ozone is high (1.52 ppbv/h) in March and lower (0.40 ppbv/h) in July. The average rate of increase of O 3 from midnight to midday is 1 ppbv/h. Surface temperature is highest (43-44°C) during March and April months leading to higher photochemical production. On the other hand, relative humidity, which is higher during the rainy season, shows negative correlation with temperature and ozone mixing ratio. It can be seen that among the two parameters are measured, correlation of surface ozone with wind speed is better (R 2 =0.84) in compare with relative humidity (R 2 =0.66).

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“…These results indicate the need for evaluating the effects of emission inventories and chemical mechanisms on the model performance using a network of stations across south Asia, which has not been carried out thus far. We focus on the pre-monsoon season (March-May) for the study, as O 3 mixing ratios at the surface are generally the highest over most of south Asia during this period (Jain et al, 2005;Debaje et al, 2006;Reddy et al, 2010;Ojha et al, 2012;Gaur et al, 2014;Renuka et al, 2014;Bhuyan et al, 2014;Sarangi et al, 2014;Yadav et al, 2014;Sarkar et al, 2015). This is because photochemistry over south Asia is most intense during this season due to the combined effects of high pollution loading, biomass-burning emissions and a lack of precipitation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

WRF-Chem simulated surface ozone over south Asia during the pre-monsoon: effects of emission inventories and chemical mechanisms

et al. 2017

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Abstract. We evaluate numerical simulations of surface ozone mixing ratios over the south Asian region during the pre-monsoon season, employing three different emission inventories in the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) with the second-generation Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM2) chemical mechanism: the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research -Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (EDGAR-HTAP), the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment phase B (INTEX-B) and the Southeast Asia Composition, Cloud, Climate Coupling Regional Study (SEAC4RS). Evaluation of diurnal variability in modelled ozone compared to observational data from 15 monitoring stations across south Asia shows the model ability to reproduce the clean, rural and polluted urban conditions over this region. In contrast to the diurnal average, the modelled ozone mixing ratios during noontime, i.e. hours of intense photochemistry (11:30-16:30 IST -Indian Standard Time -UTC +5:30), are found to differ among the three inventories. This suggests that evaluations of the modelled ozone limited to 24 h average are insufficient to assess uncertainties associated with ozone buildup. HTAP generally shows 10-30 ppbv higher noontime ozone mixing ratios than SEAC4RS and INTEX-B, especially over the north-west Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), central India and southern India. The HTAP simulation repeated with the alternative Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers (MOZART) chemical mechanism showed even more strongly enhanced surface ozone mixing ratios due to vertical mixing of enhanced ozone that has been produced aloft. Our study indicates the need to also evaluate the O 3 precursors across a network of stations and the development of highresolution regional inventories for the anthropogenic emissions over south Asia accounting for year-to-year changes to further reduce uncertainties in modelled ozone over this region.

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Measurements of Surface Ozone in Rural Site of India

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Variations in surface ozone and NOx at Kannur: a tropical, coastal site in India

Variations in surface ozone and NOx at Kannur: a tropical, coastal site in India

Measurements of surface ozone at semi-arid site Anantapur (14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m asl) in India

WRF-Chem simulated surface ozone over south Asia during the pre-monsoon: effects of emission inventories and chemical mechanisms

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