Measurements of the Photosynthetic Rates in Vegetables Under Various Qualities of Light From Light-Emitting Diodes

Gotō, Eiji; Matsumoto, H.; Ishigami, Yasuhiro; Hikosaka, Shoko; Fujiwara, Kazuhiro; Yano, Akira

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2014.1037.30

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…LEDs are characterized by a narrow light-emitting spectrum, enabling the focus of the light exposed to plants using only the required wavelength [ 35 ]. This method is more efficient in converting electric power to light power, and it also enables the irradiation of plants at a close distance for a long time because LEDs are cold light illuminators [ 36 ]. Currently, blue and red LEDs in biologically-active visible light regions have been widely introduced to regulate vegetable and fruit quality [ 37 , 38 , 39 ], but they have been less applied to fruit in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Red and Blue Light on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Differential Gene Expression in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

et al. 2018

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Light conditions can cause quantitative and qualitative changes in anthocyanin. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of light quality-regulated anthocyanin accumulation in fruits. In this study, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were applied to explore the effect of red and blue light on strawberry coloration. The results showed contents of total anthocyanins (TA), pelargonidin 3-glucoside (Pg3G) and pelargonidin 3-malonylglucoside (Pg3MG) significantly increased after blue and red light treatment. Pg3G was the major anthocyanin component in strawberry fruits, accounting for more than 80% of TA, whereas Pg3MG accounted for a smaller proportion. Comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted using libraries from the treated strawberries. A total of 1402, 5034, and 3764 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three pairwise comparisons (red light versus white light, RL-VS-WL; blue light versus white light, BL-VS-WL; blue light versus red light, BL-VS-RL), respectively. Photoreceptors and light transduction components remained dynamic to up-regulate the expression of regulatory factors and structural genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis under red and white light, whereas most genes had low expression levels that were not consistent with the highest total anthocyanin content under blue light. Therefore, the results indicated that light was an essential environmental factor for anthocyanin biosynthesis before the anthocyanin concentration reached saturation in strawberry fruits, and blue light could quickly stimulate the accumulation of anthocyanin in the fruit. In addition, red light might contribute to the synthesis of proanthocyanidins by inducing LAR and ANR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Red and Blue Light on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Differential Gene Expression in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

et al. 2018

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“…'Jingxiu') as well as the dry mass distribution ratio in leaves compared with sunlight [30]. Goto et al [31] assessed the gross photosynthetic rate (P g ) of both green and red perilla (Perilla frutescens), a popular herb in East Asia used in traditional Chinese medicine, under different combinations of LEDs (405, 465, 530, 595, 660, and 735 nm) at 250 µmol m −2 s −1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) and 16-h photoperiod for 14−21 days in a growth chamber. The highest increment of P g was obtained with red light (660 nm) for both green and red perilla, and P g was lowest at 465 and 530 nm for red perilla [31].…”

Section: Red And/or Blue Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Goto et al [31] assessed the gross photosynthetic rate (P g ) of both green and red perilla (Perilla frutescens), a popular herb in East Asia used in traditional Chinese medicine, under different combinations of LEDs (405, 465, 530, 595, 660, and 735 nm) at 250 µmol m −2 s −1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) and 16-h photoperiod for 14−21 days in a growth chamber. The highest increment of P g was obtained with red light (660 nm) for both green and red perilla, and P g was lowest at 465 and 530 nm for red perilla [31]. Consistent with the above results, red perilla grown under red-enriched light treatments (red light alone, a combination of red and blue light, and a combination of red and green light) had more leaves, bigger leaves, and greater dry weight (DW) than plants grown under blue light alone, a combination of blue and green light, or green light alone [32].…”

Section: Red And/or Blue Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Phytonutrient Accumulation of Herbs under Controlled Environments

Dou

Niu²,

et al. 2017

Horticulturae

143

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Abstract:In recent years, consumption of herb products has increased in daily diets, contributing to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, chronic diseases, and certain types of cancer owing to high concentrations of phytonutrients such as essential oils and phenolic compounds. To meet the increasing demand for high quality herbs, controlled environment agriculture is an alternative and a supplement to field production. Light is one of the most important environmental factors influencing herb quality including phytonutrient content, in addition to effects on growth and development. The recent development and adoption of light-emitting diodes provides opportunities for targeted regulation of growth and phytonutrient accumulation by herbs to optimize productivity and quality under controlled environments. For most herb species, red light supplemented with blue light significantly increased plant yield. However, plant yield decreased when the blue light proportion (BP) reached a threshold, which varied among species. Research has also shown that red, blue, and ultraviolet (UV) light enhanced the concentration of essential oils and phenolic compounds in various herbs and improved antioxidant capacities of herbs compared with white light or sunlight, yet these improvement effects varied among species, compounds, and light treatments. In addition to red and blue light, other light spectra within the photosynthetically active region-such as cyan, green, yellow, orange, and far-red light-are absorbed by photosynthetic pigments and utilized in leaves. However, only a few selected ranges of light spectra have been investigated, and the effects of light quality (spectrum distribution of light sources) on herb production are not fully understood. This paper reviews how light quality affected the growth and phytonutrient accumulation of both culinary and medicinal herbs under controlled environments, and discusses future research opportunities to produce high quantity and quality herbs.

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“…According to Givnish (1988), shade plants typically show a lower light saturation point than those of sun plants. Goto et al (2014) measured the P n of the whole plant of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. "Okayama") (14-21 days after sowing) using an open-type assimilation chamber similar to the one in the present study. They reported that the light saturation point of lettuce was a PPFD of 500 μmol m -2 s -1 , and the P n at that PPFD was approximately 7 μmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 .…”

Section: Exp 1: Assimilation Chamber Experiments For Characteristics ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of photosynthetic photon flux density and light period on growth and camptothecin accumulation of <i>Ophiorrhiza pumila</i> under controlled environments

Lee

Shimano

Hikosaka

et al. 2020

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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Ophiorrhiza pumila is a medicinal plant distributed on the floors of humid inland forests in subtropical areas and accumulates camptothecin (CPT) in whole plant organs. To elucidate the proper light and air temperature conditions for plant growth and CPT yield, we conducted two experiments under controlled environments. In experiment 1, we measured the net photosynthetic rate (P n ) and transpiration rate (E) of the whole plant O. pumila using an open-type assimilation chamber under different photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) and air temperatures. The result showed that the combination of an air temperature of 28 °C and a PPFD of 100 μmol m -2 s -1 was a good condition for photosynthesis and transpiration. In experiment 2, O. pumila was cultivated for 35 days under three PPFDs and three light periods at an air temperature of 28 °C. At a PPFD of 100 μmol m -2 s -1 and a light period of 16 h, growth was accelerated by the generating the lateral shoots and branches, and total CPT content per plant was the highest among these treatments. The present study revealed that the proper PPFD and light period conditions could enhance growth and CPT accumulation of O. pumila.

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Measurements of the Photosynthetic Rates in Vegetables Under Various Qualities of Light From Light-Emitting Diodes

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Red and Blue Light on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Differential Gene Expression in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

Effect of Red and Blue Light on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Differential Gene Expression in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Phytonutrient Accumulation of Herbs under Controlled Environments

Effects of photosynthetic photon flux density and light period on growth and camptothecin accumulation of <i>Ophiorrhiza pumila</i> under controlled environments

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