Measures of rabies immunity

Moore, Susan M.; Gordon, Chandra R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818705-0.00013-3

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In RFFIT, an antibody level of 0.50 IU/ml or greater indicated seroconversion following vaccination [ 10 , 12 , 26 ]. Furthermore, a titer of 0.1 IU/ml corresponding to a complete neutralization at 1:5 serum dilutions in the RFFIT has also been reported [ 27 ]. A good correlation study is required for showing any alternative test (ELISA) regarding rabies vaccine seroprofiling in tested animal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological profiling of rabies antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its comparative analysis with rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test in mouse model

et al. 2019

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Aim: In this study, we have used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as an alternative test to replace the cumbersome rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) to ascertain the immune status of immunized mice against rabies virus. Materials and Methods: Rabies is a devastating disease worldwide caused by rabies virus. Proper usage of pre- or post-exposure rabies vaccine can prevent the disease transmission. In this study, mice were immunized with Vero cell-adapted inactivated rabies vaccine. RFFIT was used as a test to determine the serum neutralizing titers in infected/vaccinated mice. Seroprofiling of mice sera was done in vitro by ELISA. Results: Twenty-one days post-immunization, both ELISA and RFFIT assays indicated similar antibody levels in mice sera that were immunized with Vero cell-adapted inactivated rabies vaccine. Both the tests were correlated, and the linearity was verified by the regression line (R2=0.979). Conclusion: In this study, we profiled the serological status of Vero cell-adapted inactivated rabies vaccine through ELISA in mice model that correlated well with the OIE gold standard test RFFIT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological profiling of rabies antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its comparative analysis with rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test in mouse model

et al. 2019

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“…Routine laboratory investigations are likely to be normal in the initial stage, except for mild pleocytosis and slightly elevated protein in CSF, and do not aid in diagnosis. Specific laboratory tests are required to confirm rabies and can be performed on clinical specimens obtained ante-mortem or post-mortem 1 7 8 11 12 13 26 41 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 ( Table ).…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnostic Tests For Rabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of virus-specific antibodies: The rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test or the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test is used for the detection of neutralizing antibodies against RABV in CSF/and serum samples 1 12 66 . The performance of these tests is influenced by various factors, such as the growth of cell lines used, propagation and titration of laboratory-adapted RABV, sample quality (CSF and serum), the rabies conjugate used, availability of a functional fluorescent microscope and the technical expertise and skills of the analyst 12 57 72 . To enhance safety and reduce biohazard measures, pseudotype virus-based neutralization assays can be used instead of live RABV.…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnostic Tests For Rabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent updates on laboratory diagnosis of rabies

Ashwini,

Pattanaik,

Mani

2024

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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Rabies is a lethal viral disease transmitted through the bite of rabid animals. India has a high burden of rabies, contributing to a significant proportion of the global deaths. However, under-reporting of the disease is prevalent due to lack of laboratory confirmation. Laboratory diagnosis of rabies plays a crucial role in differentiating the disease from clinical mimics, initiation of appropriate care, implementing infection control measures and informing disease surveillance. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in laboratory diagnosis of rabies, aimed at updating physicians involved in diagnosis and management of rabies cases in India.

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“…Differences in rabies serology methods, performance characteristics, purpose of testing, etc. have been covered in previous publications, notably the difference measuring antibody function versus antibody binding [ 21 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. SN methods have the advantage of providing an in vitro measurement of what occurs in vivo [ 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Defining the Purpose Of Testing/context Of Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Rabies Serology: Defining Context of Interpretation

Moore

2021

Viruses

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The case fatality rate of rabies, nearly 100%, is one of the most unique characteristic of this ancient virus infection. The crucial role rabies virus neutralizing antibody plays in protection is both well established and explanation of why rabies serology is important. Various laboratory methods can and have been used but serum neutralization methods have long been the gold standard due to the ability to measure function (neutralization), however these methods can be difficult to perform for several reasons. Assays such as enzyme linked absorbance assays (ELISA), indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) and more recently lateral flow methods are in use. Interpretation of results can be problematic, not only between methods but also due to modifications of the same method that can lead to misinterpretations. A common assumption in review of laboratory test results is that different methods for the same component produce comparable results under all conditions or circumstances. Assumptions and misinterpretations provide the potential for detrimental decisions, ranging from regulatory to clinically related, and most importantly what ‘level’ is protective. Review of the common challenges in performance and interpretation of rabies serology and specific examples illuminate critical issues to consider when reviewing and applying results of rabies serological testing.

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Measures of rabies immunity

Cited by 4 publications

References 66 publications

Serological profiling of rabies antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its comparative analysis with rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test in mouse model

Serological profiling of rabies antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and its comparative analysis with rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test in mouse model

Recent updates on laboratory diagnosis of rabies

Challenges of Rabies Serology: Defining Context of Interpretation

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