Measuring Air Pollutant Uptake by Plants: A Direct Kinetic Technique

Rogers, H. H.; Jeffries, Harvey E.; Stahel, E. P.; Heck, Walter W.; Ripperton, Lyman A.; Witherspoon, Augustus M.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1977.10470545

Cited by 77 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The values determined for this 'residue' concentration are highly variable, ranging from nearly zero (Laiski et al 1989, Moldau et al 1990, Freer-Smith and Dobson 1989, Rowland-Bamford et al 1989, to low but not zero (Taylor et al 1982, Amiro et al 1984. The major problem seems to be accounting for ozone decomposition within the chamber and on the leaf (Rogers et al 1977). The data from Moldau et al (1990) indicates that equilibration time with surfaces is long (tens of minutes) and somewhat variable; thus, one can not do rapid experiments.…”

Section: Gas Flow Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Heath

1994

Photosynth Res

201

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Tropospheric ozone produced by industrial civilization is widespread. Although the levels are not clearly life threatening, they do have the potential to inhibit normal plant productivity, thought to be by an inhibition of photosynthesis. While the mechanism for this inhibition is not yet clear, there are several hypotheses for its cause. It is unlikely that ozone can penetrate the cell membrane unreacted; therefore, reactions at the plasma membrane either causing general ionic and metabolic disturbance within the cell or causing the production of unidentified toxic products must ultimately produce the alterations within the chloroplasts. While model systems, such as individual biochemicals, isolated chloroplasts, and algae, can give some understanding of possible reactions, they cannot provide the full story. One continuing controversy revolves about the role of stomata in the inhibition process-they play an important role, but the full interaction between stomatal closure and inhibition of photosynthesis has not yet emerged. In order to reach a political compromise on air quality standards, we need to have a good understanding of the fundamental mechanisms by which ozone causes any decline in plant productivity.

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Section: Gas Flow Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Heath

1994

Photosynth Res

201

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“…Most of these studies have been performed at concentrations which are much higher than what has been found in the unpolluted atmosphere. Thus, Rogers et al (1977) measured the uptake of NOz by Zea mays and soybean plants at concentrations ranging from 100 to 550 ppbv NO2. The surface resistance for NOz was found to be strongly correlated with the stomata1 resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine forest: a negligible sink for atmospheric NO<sub>x</sub> in rural Sweden

Johansson¹

1987

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A chamber technique was used to study the uptake of NO and N0 2 by branches of Scots Pine trees at concentrations ranging from about I ppbv (ambient levels) up to about 50 ppbv. The measurements were performed under field conditions of light intensity and temperature. Rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were determined from continuous measurements of C0 2 and water vapour.The uptake of NO was small at all concentrations. The deposition rate per projected needle area was less than 0.1 mm s-1 • For N0 2 , the uptake varied linearly with concentration. At high levels, the uptake was limited both by a stomata! and an internal resistance and a marked diurnal variation was observed. Typical deposition rates per projected needle area at concentrations larger than 10 ppbv were 1-2 mm s-1 during the day and 0.05--0.2 mm s-1 during the night. The internal resistance constituted between 3% and 60% of the total resistance to N0 2 uptake.Contrary to observations made at high concentrations, no uptake of N0 2 could be detected when the concentration was decreased to I to 3 ppbv. Using a leaf area index of 3 m 2 m-2 , which is a typical value for a pine forest in Sweden, a deposition velocity per ground area of

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“…In most of these studies (e.g. Rogers et al, 1977;Rogers, Campbell & Volk, 1979;Fuhrer & Erismann, 1980;Okano, Machida & Totsuka, 1988) herbaceous plants were exposed to much higher than ambient atmospheric NOj concentrations. Though stomatal resistance to diffusion of NO2 was an important factor determining the NOj flux to the leaves, it was found to be too large to explain the measured uptake of NOj by the shoots Fuhrer & Erismann, 1980).…”

mentioning
confidence: 99%

Absorption of atmospheric NO₂ by spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) trees
Thoene
¹
,
Schröder
²
,
Papen
³

et al. 1991
New Phytologist
107
13
85
1
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SUMMARYWhen spruce {Picea abies L., Karst.) branches were exposed to 5-2-1 8-7 nl NO., T' the flux to the shoots increased linearly with increasing NO^ concentrations. At NO^ concentrations below 2-6 nl T' uptake of NO, by the shoots was not observed. The measured flux of NO2 to the shoots was found to be lower than the NO2 flux predicted from the shoot conductance to diffusion of H2O. These results are consistent with the existence of internal resistances for NO2 influx, e.g. production and emission of NO, by the leaves. However, emission of NOj was not observed. When the NOj flux to the shoots was plotted versus transpiration rate, a linear increase was found with an y-axis intercept. The intercept may be interpreted as the NOj flux to the cuticle and the bark; its value increased with increasing atmospheric NOj concentrations.The flux of NO2 to the shoots showed diurnal variation with high levels in the light and low levels during darkness. NO, flux to the branches was dependent on light intensity. This dependency can largely be explained by light dependent changes in shoot conductance. Daytime light intensity determined also the night-time shoot conductance and, hence, the NOj flux to the branches during the night. The ratio of NO, flux to transpiration rate was higher in the dark than in the light. Whether this observation can be explained by a light dependency of internal resistances remains to be elucidated.The absorption of NO,, by the shoots enhanced the in vitro NR activity of the needles, while NiR and GS activities were not increased signiflcantly. One day after exposure to NO, concentrations of 60 nl 1 \ nitrate reductase (NR) activity was three times higher than that of untreated controls. However, after three days of NOj exposure the NR activity declined to the level of untreated controls. Apparently, the increased in vitro NR activity upon NO2 fumigation is a transient phenomenon in spruce needles. The regulatory events that may modulate NR activity of the needles, when exposed to atmospheric NO,^, are discussed.

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Measuring Air Pollutant Uptake by Plants: A Direct Kinetic Technique

Cited by 77 publications

References 9 publications

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Pine forest: a negligible sink for atmospheric NO<sub>x</sub> in rural Sweden

Absorption of atmospheric NO₂ by spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) trees

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Measuring Air Pollutant Uptake by Plants: A Direct Kinetic Technique

Cited by 77 publications

References 9 publications

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Possible mechanisms for the inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone

Pine forest: a negligible sink for atmospheric NO<sub>x</sub> in rural Sweden

Absorption of atmospheric NO2 by spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) trees

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Absorption of atmospheric NO₂ by spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) trees