Measuring client clinical progress in therapeutic community treatment

Kressel, David; Leon, George De; Palij, Michael; Rubin, Gregory

doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(00)00108-2

Cited by 57 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Psychological engagement that we propose consists of five factors: (1) motivation to put time aside to participate in the MBI course, (2) intention to maintain a personal formal mindfulness practice during and after the MBI course, (3) commitment to bringing mindfulness into daily life, (4) the belief that practicing mindfulness will be beneficial to one’s mental health or well-being and (5) the therapeutic relationship between the person and the MBI group and teacher. These five factors have established associations with treatment outcomes or treatment completion in the broader literature and so are good candidates to act as proxies for psychological engagement in MBIs: (1) motivation to participate in treatment is related to psychosocial functioning during treatment and to treatment progress (Simpson and Joe 2004 ), (2) intention is associated with treatment completion (Zemore and Ajzen 2014 ), (3) commitment or readiness is related to engagement in therapy (George et al 1998 ), (4) belief in treatment effectiveness is associated with treatment retention (Kressel et al 2000 ) and (5) the therapeutic relationship predicts attendance and participation in treatment (Lecomte et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Mindfulness: a Path Analytic Model Exploring the Role of Rumination and Worry in Predicting Psychological and Physical Engagement in an Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention

2017

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Little is known about the factors associated with engagement in mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). Moreover, engagement in MBIs is usually defined in terms of class attendance (‘physical engagement’) only. However, in the psychotherapy literature, there is increasing emphasis on measuring participants’ involvement with interventions (‘psychological engagement’). This study tests a model that rumination and worry act as barriers to physical and psychological engagement in MBIs and that this in turn impedes learning mindfulness. One hundred and twenty-four participants were given access to a 2-week online mindfulness-based self-help (MBSH) intervention. Self-report measures of mindfulness, rumination, worry, positive beliefs about rumination, positive beliefs about worry and physical and psychological engagement were administered. A path analysis was used to test the linear relationships between the variables. Physical and psychological engagement were identified as two distinct constructs. Findings were that rumination and worry both predicted psychological disengagement in MBSH. Psychological engagement predicted change in the describe, act with awareness, non-judge and non-react facets of mindfulness while physical engagement only predicted changes in the non-react facet of mindfulness. Thus, rumination and worry may increase risk of psychological disengagement from MBSH which may in turn hinder cultivating mindfulness. Future suggestions for practice are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Mindfulness: a Path Analytic Model Exploring the Role of Rumination and Worry in Predicting Psychological and Physical Engagement in an Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention

2017

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“…Examples of social determinants of TCs outcomes include age, gender, employment history, preferred type of drug, marital status, education level, previous treatment in TCs, and family and social support 1, 2, 7, 8, 9. Most TC residents are in their 30s, and the mean age is between 31 and 36 years old 8, 10, 11, 12. Residents are unmarried and unemployed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than half of them do not surpass secondary school education, and they are mainly treated for the abuse of heroin, stimulants, alcohol, and cannabis. However, using more than one drug is usually the norm 8, 10, 11, 12, 13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug use patterns and demographic correlations of residents of Saudi therapeutic communities for addiction

Alshomrani

Khoja

Alseraihah³

et al. 2017

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

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Objectives This study describes the characteristics of residents in Saudi therapeutic communities (TCs), their patterns of drug use, and the correlations between these variables. Methods This retrospective study examined all Saudi TC residents admitted since the establishment of the first TC in 2000 until mid-2014. The TCs include three governmental and two non-governmental enterprises: two TCs in Dammam and one each in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Taif, with a total population of 2023 residents. Results All TC residents were adult males; 85.6% were Saudis, and almost all remaining residents were from the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. The mean age of residents was 33.9 years (±8.8 years), and their educational levels were mostly high school or lower; 25% were married, and 70.8% were jobless. The pattern of drug use indicated that 35.8% used opioids, 15% used hash, 11.9% used both hash and amphetamine, 11.1% used amphetamine, 7.9% used alcohol, and 10.9% used 3 or more drugs simultaneously. Amphetamine and hash dependencies were more prevalent among younger residents in comparison to opioids and alcohol, which were more common among older residents. Opioids were more used by the western region residents, while northern and southern regions residents preferred amphetamine. Conclusion This study showed that the residents' drug use patterns are similar to those in other inpatient treatment services. However, opioid dependency is overrepresented. Furthermore, the type of drug used differs according to the residence region, which may warrant consideration when planning services for these regions.

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“…The DCI-A-SF is a brief assessment built on our previous efforts through the refinement of the DCI-A (Edelen, Tucker, Stucky, Butler, and Muehlbach, in press). While there are other measures of treatment process specific to adults in the TC (e.g., Kressel et al, 2000; Orlando et al, 2006), as well as adolescent-specific general process measures not designed for therapeutic communities (i.e., the TCU scales (Knight, Holcom, and Simpson, 1994)), to our knowledge the 5-factor client-report DCI-A is the only measure uniquely developed to assess treatment process in the TC among adolescents. The DCI-A consists of five subscales (Treatment Motivation, Personal Development, Problem Recognition, Family Relations, and Social Network).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychometric development and initial validation of the DCI-A short form for adolescent therapeutic community treatment process

Stucky

Edelen

Vaughan

et al. 2014

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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The 5-factor client-report Dimensions of Change in Therapeutic Communities Treatment Instrument-Adolescent (DCI-A) was developed to assess adolescent substance abuse treatment process in the therapeutic community (TC). The goal of this study was to use bifactor modeling to derive a unidimensional DCI-A short-form (DCI-A-SF) that would represent content from the original DCI-A factors. Data are from 442 adolescents receiving treatment at one of seven residential TC programs. Bifactor analyses suggested selection of seven DCI-A items to comprise the short form. Three items are from the Treatment Motivation factor, and one item was selected from each of the remaining four factors. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the 7-item DCI-A-SF is strongly unidimensional, and unidimensional IRT analysis of the items indicated good internal consistency. A structural equation model that demonstrates the mediating relationship of DCI-A-SF with other measures, including demographic and pre-treatment characteristics, and subsequent treatment completion, provides preliminary evidence of internal validity.

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Measuring client clinical progress in therapeutic community treatment

Cited by 57 publications

References 12 publications

Barriers to Mindfulness: a Path Analytic Model Exploring the Role of Rumination and Worry in Predicting Psychological and Physical Engagement in an Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention

Barriers to Mindfulness: a Path Analytic Model Exploring the Role of Rumination and Worry in Predicting Psychological and Physical Engagement in an Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention

Drug use patterns and demographic correlations of residents of Saudi therapeutic communities for addiction

The psychometric development and initial validation of the DCI-A short form for adolescent therapeutic community treatment process

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