“…The DeLone & McLean model is a modern theory for evaluating the success of information systems in terms of technology use (Abdelkareem, 2021;Sabeh et al, 2021). Some observers have applied this DeLone & McLean concept to various applications to prove its relevance, including the intention of adopting mobile banking and internet banking (Mansour, 2020;Purwati et al, 2021), online shopping apps (Ali et al, 2018;Tarhini et al, 2019), telecommunications providers (Adroni & Sitorus, 2017), e-learning (Sabeh et al, 2021), and academic app (Hudin et al, 2018).…”