Measuring electrically small antennas: Details and implications

Measuring superdirective electrically small antenna arrays mounted on PCBs

“…These results also show that this effect can be minimized and hence, the array can be easily measured. 1 The rest of the paper is organized as follows: section II presents the simulation results. The results are validated via measurements in section III.…”

“…Consequently, ESAs are not easy to be measured due to the severe effect of the coaxial cable, even though such a cable may not be present in the final application of the antenna. A poorly balanced antenna can result in common mode currents flowing on the feeding cable surface, which radiates and distorts the true radiation pattern of the Antenna Under‐Test (AUT) . There have been many reports about the influence of the coaxial cable on measured characteristics of ESAs (refer to and the references therein).…”

Effects of ground-plane size on planar UWB monopole antenna

“…A true ground should have no effect on the performance of the antenna, and so ideally the performance of the antenna should be independent of the ground-plane size. However, studies have shown that the ground plane with a finite size could also be a radiating element and the current distribution on the ground plane could affect the impedance bandwidth, gain and radiation pattern of the antenna [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Since the UWB antenna is ultimately mounted on a wireless device which may serve as part of the ground plane, the ground plane dependency brings difficulties to the design of UWB antennas for wireless devices.…”