“…and c) the cognitive factor which integrates psychological investment, self-regulation and the use of strategies that are relatively elaborated to achieve the desired results. It is a pending task to develop an instrument to measure academic engagement from the activities and tasks addressed in the classroom that reflects the three dimensions present in Fredricks et al's (2004) model: behavioral, cognitive and emotional considering that researchers should be clear about how they define engagement (Bedenlier, Bond, Buntins, Zawacki-Richter, & Kerres, 2020;Yévenes-Márquez, Badilla-Quintana, & Sandoval-Henrıquez, 2022). Emamjomeh, Toghyani, & Bahrami, 2021;Kowitlawakul et al, (2022) have shown evidence of the predictive power of engagement on performance as well as the direct relationships between engagement and academic achievement and perceived learning effectiveness (Abukhalil, Halawani, & Daher, 2021;Chauhan, Gupta, Palvia, & Jaiswal, 2021;Kala & Chaubey, 2023).…”