Measuring “Humanism” in Medical Residents

Jm, Merrill; Ev, Boisaubin; Laux, Lila; Ec, Lynch; Roessler, Robert; Ji, Thornby

doi:10.1097/00007611-198602000-00003

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…We were reassured that the abbreviated version of the MA scale operated the way one would expect from an authoritarianism scale: It predicted negative attitudes toward a stigmatized group (i.e., chronic‐pain patients), concerns about opioids, and concerns about opioid abuse; results that were consistent with findings from prior studies (Merrill et al., 1986, 1993, 1995, 1998; Weinstein et al., 2000) that used the original MA scale. Moreover, the internal consistency and item‐scale correlations were similar to those reported in prior studies (e.g., Merrill et al., 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Consistent with research on authoritarianism, higher levels of MA (using the abbreviated MA scale) were associated with more negative views and suspicions about the chronic‐pain patient depicted in the clinical vignette, greater dislike for treating chronic pain, and greater concerns about opioid abuse or misuse (Merrill et al., 1986; Merrill, Camacho, Laux, Thornby, & Vallbona, 1993; Merrill et al., 1995, 1998; Weinstein et al., 2000). These findings are also consistent with theory and research on political ideology, in which conservativism is associated with less tolerance of ambiguity and more negative attitudes toward members of stigmatized groups (Altemeyer, 1988; Jost et al., 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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The Effect of Medical Authoritarianism on Physicians' Treatment Decisions and Attitudes Regarding Chronic Pain1,*

Burgess

Dovidio

Phelan

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

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This study examined the influence of medical authoritarianism (MA) on physicians' treatment decisions and attitudes regarding chronic pain among a randomly selected sample of primary care physicians (N = 382) who responded to a mail survey. As hypothesized, high‐MA physicians had more negative attitudes toward chronic pain patients, greater concerns about prescription drug abuse, and more negative attitudes toward the use of opioids to treat chronic pain than did low‐MA physicians. Despite these negative attitudes, high‐MA physicians were more likely than were low‐MA physicians to recommend the aggressive use of opioids. The results point to the complex relationship between MA and physician attitudes and decisions, and provide insights into how political ideology might influence physician behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

The Effect of Medical Authoritarianism on Physicians' Treatment Decisions and Attitudes Regarding Chronic Pain1,*

Burgess

Dovidio

Phelan

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All these scales have potential benefit for feedback to students on their attitudes but, as above, it would be unwise to use them as a basis for summative assessment. The TAD ('Totalitarian-Authoritarian-Dogmatism') scale 49 attempts to measure antipathy towards patients and may, the authors suggest, identify aspects of the humanistic qualities proposed by the American Board of Internal Medicine. 50 A second instrument which might be worth exploring experimentally, as a selection tool or for formative purposes, is the 'NEO Personality Inventory'(NEO-PI) 51,52 which measures Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness.…”

Section: Self-report Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing attitudes in dental education: Is it worthwhile?

2002

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“…In our quest to be scientifically true, we must ask important value-laden questions that concern what we are trying to be true to and how we want to put these truths to work in the delivery of care. Our field's current preoccupation with rebalancing technocratic pursuits for cures with a stronger concentration and integration of humanistic models of care [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] requires the concerted renegotiation of values and an appreciation of the inevitable subjectivity of illness experiences.…”

Section: Con Clus Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myths and social structure: The unbearable necessity of mythology in medical education

et al. 2019

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Context Myth busting engages scholars in the critical examination of commonly accepted but poorly evidenced claims with the goal of instilling quality and trust in knowledge making. The debunking of such knowledge “myths” and associated misguided practices purportedly serves to avert resources and attention from wasteful and dangerous scholarship. We address the myth that “all myths in medical education deserve to be busted”. Methods Using a critical narrative approach, we searched the medical education literature for orientations to myths and myth busting, and reviewed this literature analytically drawing from the sociology of science and Merton's concepts of manifest and latent functions. The results of this analysis are presented in the form of a narrative that deploys the articles reviewed to explore the utility of myth busting for medical education reform and begins with a brief exploration of the etymology of “myth” and how meaning making is related to symbols, practices and storytelling. Results Our analysis revealed the important function of myths in the social practice of medical education and practice. A deconstruction of five salient examples of the contemporary myth in medical education (the myth of the “ideal candidate”, the myth of “cut‐throats”, the myth of “cadaver stories”, the myth of “learning styles”, and the myth of “patient information leaflets”) demonstrates that myths continue to have material effects even after they have been busted. Conclusions Our analysis makes evident that myth busting disrupts, renegotiates and reconstitutes socio‐epistemic relationships rather than simply correcting falsehoods. We also argue that myths play important and inescapable roles in the social practice of medical education and the negotiation of values, and in constructing the conditions for group change and transformation. Imperatives related to humanism, compassion and patient engagement offer a healthy humanising counter‐mythologising that we suggest must survive any contemporary myth‐busting endeavour aimed at improving medical education practice.

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Measuring “Humanism” in Medical Residents

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Medical Authoritarianism on Physicians' Treatment Decisions and Attitudes Regarding Chronic Pain1,*

The Effect of Medical Authoritarianism on Physicians' Treatment Decisions and Attitudes Regarding Chronic Pain1,*

Assessing attitudes in dental education: Is it worthwhile?

Myths and social structure: The unbearable necessity of mythology in medical education

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