Measuring Marginal Utility by Reactions to Risk

Vickrey, William

doi:10.2307/1906925

Cited by 347 publications

(131 citation statements)

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“…Our approach differs in several respects from related contractarian models proposed by Vickrey (1945Vickrey ( , 1960 and Harsanyi (1953Harsanyi ( , 1975 on the one hand and Rawls (1971) on the other hand. First of all, besides our emphasis on innovativeness, our model of the constitutional decision-making calculus does not include a representative agent, but rather a multitude of heterogenous agents.…”

Section: Constitutional Preferences and Risk Attitudes: The Case Of Pmentioning

confidence: 96%

Constitutional interests in the face of innovations: how much do we need to know about risk preferences?

Witt¹,

Schubert²

2008

Const Polit Econ

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In constitutional political economy, the citizens' constitutional interests determine the social contract that is binding for the post-constitutional market game. However, following traditional preference subjectivism, it is left open what the constitutional interests are. Using the example of risk attitudes, we argue that this approach is too parsimonious with regard to the behavioral foundations to support a calculus of consent. In face of innovative activities with pecuniary and technological externalities in the post-constitutional phase, the citizens' constitutional interests vary with their risk preferences. To determine what kind of social contract is generally agreeable, specific assumptions about risk preferences are needed.

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Section: Constitutional Preferences and Risk Attitudes: The Case Of Pmentioning

confidence: 96%

Constitutional interests in the face of innovations: how much do we need to know about risk preferences?

Witt¹,

Schubert²

2008

Const Polit Econ

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“…Finding an ideal formulation are still remaining discussion from the part to the presents. Vickrey (1945), Mirrlees (1971), Atkinson & Stiglitz (1976), Gordon & Kopczuk (2014) have been concerned about tax bases. Vickrey (1945) and Mirrlees (1971) found that the ideal tax base was based on earning abilities.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vickrey (1945), Mirrlees (1971), Atkinson & Stiglitz (1976), Gordon & Kopczuk (2014) have been concerned about tax bases. Vickrey (1945) and Mirrlees (1971) found that the ideal tax base was based on earning abilities. Also, Atkinson & Stiglitz (1976) also argued that labour income required to be included in tax base calculation.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the Challenges in Designing An Effective Personal Income Tax System?

Raeni¹,

Sari²

2016

ECON FINANC INDONES

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This article aims to examine the challenges of designing individual's income tax systems in general and particularly to observe taxpayers' behaviour in developing countries. This study used case study approach to gain in depth understanding type of taxpayers' attitude towards personal income tax systems. Based on the analyses, tax behaviour, which comprises the perception of fairness and motivation to comply, attracts urgent challenges in designing effective tax on personal income in every country and mainly underdeveloped countries. Every human being in each country has their social pattern towards tax policy. When the individual perception of fairness is significant, it will harmonise the 'client and service approach' between taxpayers and governments. This condition would influence tax morale of individuals to comply with the policy and achieve high compliance rate. Therefore, it has argued that personal view of fairness and their motivation to comply with tax systems are becoming vital challenges in designing the tax policy on individual income. Keywords: Personal Income Tax; Fairness; Tax Moral AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi tantangan-tantangan yang dihadapi dalam merancang sistem perpajakan untuk wajib pajak orang pribadi dan secara khusus menganalisa perilaku wajib pajak di negara-negara berkembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur untuk mendapatkan secara mendalam jenis perilaku wajib pajak penghasilan orang pribadi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terkait perilaku pajak, yang terdiri dari persepsi keadilan dan motivasi untuk mematuhi memberikan tantangan tersendiri dalam merancang pajak yang berlaku atas penghasilan pribadi di setiap negara dan terutama negara-negara berkembang. Setiap individu memiliki pola yang berbeda ketika berinteraksi terhadap kebijakan pajak. Ketika persepsi individu terhadap keadilan adalah signifikan, hal itu akan menyelaraskan pendekatan 'client and service' antara pembayar pajak dan pemerintah. Kondisi ini akan memengaruhi semangat individu untuk mematuhi kebijakan dan mencapai tingkat kepatuhan yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, asumsi bahwa pandangan individu terhadap keadilan dan motivasi untuk mematuhi sistem pajak menjadi tantangan penting dalam merancang kebijakan terhadap wajib pajak orang pribadi.

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“…Generating conceivable consensus on rule choices behind a veil of ignorance / uncertainty is often proposed here ( on such veils see originally Vickrey 1948 and later on Buchanan/Tullock 1962;Harsanyi 1976;Rawls 1951). Though such a conceptual device is suitable for theoretical purposes it is not directly applicable to practical policy choices.…”

Section: Lntroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lexicographic Decision Rule With Tolerances

Ahlert¹,

Kliemt²

2001

Analyse &Amp; Kritik

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The implementation of the Wujciak algorithm as a new rule for organ allocation by Eurotransplant is of considerable interest for the theorist of choice making. In the process reformers accepted the status quo in principle but expected that their potential opponents would be willing to make minimal or 'tolerable' concessions. Thereby the consensual introduction of new dimensions of value and reforms of allocation practices based thereupon became viable. The paper characterizes a decision procedure based on ‘almost lexicographically pre-ordering established values and practices’ in a stylized manner, presents a formal reconstruction of it and points out some of its potential implications for rule choices in general.

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Measuring Marginal Utility by Reactions to Risk

Cited by 347 publications

References 0 publications

Constitutional interests in the face of innovations: how much do we need to know about risk preferences?

Constitutional interests in the face of innovations: how much do we need to know about risk preferences?

What are the Challenges in Designing An Effective Personal Income Tax System?

A Lexicographic Decision Rule With Tolerances

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