Measuring Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) in Secondary Schools in Pakistan and a Comparison with Factors of a School Growth Mindset Culture

Abstract

The study adds important contributions to the research literature on organizational citizenship behavior by providing empirical evidence of the leader’s influence as a factor in the development of OCB at the organizational level in government schools (n=34) in Pakistan. Research has shown that where OCB is present, both teachers and leaders increase work diffusion and move toward increasing productivity in their schools. This study meets the current need for reliable measures that operationalize constructs, such as OCB, by testing the validity and reliability of a new measurement scale for school level OCB; using SEM methods and survey responses from secondary school teachers (n= 408). Results revealed the survey reliably operationalizes school level OCB using three-factors named shared leadership, civic virtue, and collaborative problem solving. These factors compared favorably to the construct of a school growth mindset. Implications for schools include directing resources at professional development to increase the school leader’s capacity to promote OCB in their schools.

Work Engagement as a Mediator Authentic Personal Branding and Growth Mindset on Organizational Citizenship Behavior

“…The better growth mindset of Perpusnas employees, OCB will also increase with work engagement of Perpusnas employees. The results of this study are in line with Niqab and Hanson (2019) stating that schools with a growth mindset culture show better OCB levels. Dweck (2006) also states that a positive growth mindset will give more effort to achieve better performance in this case for the achievement of OCB.…”

Unveiling the Impact and Dynamics of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Educational Environments: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

“…Numerous researchers have made significant contributions to the examination of Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) across different contexts and through the use of diverse metrics after the initial construct development by D. W. Organ in 1988. OCB has become increasingly important in educational institutions worldwide in recent decades (Hanson et al, 2021;Niqab et al, 2019;Somech & Drach-Zahavy, 2000;Somech & Ron, 2007). OCB is a significant and emerging field of study that offers valuable insights into factors that contribute to school improvement (Kernodle & Noble, 2013).…”

Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) In Educational Settings: A Narrative Review

“…Many researchers have contributed to the study of OCB in various contexts using various metrics after D. W. Organ (1988) initial construct development. OCB has gained significance in the previous decades in educational institutions throughout the globe (Hanson et al, 2021;Niqab et al, 2019;Somech & Drach-Zahavy, 2000;Somech & Ron, 2007). There is no exaggeration in saying that OCB is a distinguished and rising field of study that can be extremely useful in providing an understanding of elements that enhance the ability of schools to improve outcomes (Kernodle & Noble, 2013).…”

“…India is a country where individuals tend toward collectivism. Therefore, teachers may hold "the desire to develop a feeling of groupness with other members" (Kapoor et al, 2003) Niqab et al (2019 developed a new OCB scale and tested it in the context of Pakistani secondary public schools. Gaining teachers' perspectives on OCB at their school was beneficial for updating and aiding educational leaders in underserved areas and informing continuous improvement processes, expanding a school capacity, and ensuring quality education to children.…”