Measuring Parental Perceptions of Child Oral Health‐related Quality of Life

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the P‐CPQ, a measure of parental/caregiver perceptions of the oral health‐related quality of life of children. This forms one component of the Child Oral Health Quality of Life Questionnaire (COHQOL). Methods: An item pool was developed through a review of existing child health questionnaires and interviews with parents/caregivers of children with pedodontic, orthodontic, and orofacial conditions. The resulting 47 items were used in a study in which 208 parents/caregivers provided data on their frequency and importance. The 31 items rated the most frequent and important were selected for the final questionnaire (P‐CPQ). The P‐CPQ validity and reliability were assessed by a new sample of 231 parents, 79 of whom completed two copies for the assessment of test‐retest reliability. Results: The P‐CPQ discriminated among the three clinical groups included in the expected direction. Within‐group analyses using clinical data provided some evidence that scores were associated with the severity of the condition. The P‐CPQ also showed good construct validity. It had excellent internal consistency reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.94 and demonstrated perfect test‐retest reliability (ICC=0.85). Conclusion: The study provides data to indicate that the P‐CPQ is valid and reliable.

Agreement between mothers and children with malocclusion in rating children's oral health-related quality of life

“…The magnitude of any systematic differences was examined by dividing the mean by the standard deviation to obtain a standardized difference 12 . A standardized difference of 0.2 was assessed to be small, 0.5 moderate and 0.8 to be large 11 . An absolute mean difference was calculated by ignoring the positive and negative sign of the individual differences.…”

“…The child and whichever parent was present at the consultation were asked to independently complete the Child Perception Questionnaire for children aged 11-14 years (CPQ [11][12][13][14] ) and the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) respectively. The child and parent completed the questionnaires separately in a quiet area of the orthodontic clinic with a researcher available to answer any questions.…”

“…Individuals alter the standard by which they rate their OH-QoL over time, due to changes in circumstances or their physical and emotional development. To overcome this limitation it has been suggested that a range of measures should be used to evaluate OH-QoL, one of which could include information from parents or caregivers when child OH-QoL is being investigated 11 .…”

“…Jokovic et al 7 have developed the Child Oral Health Quality of Life Questionnaire (COHQOL), which includes age specific measures for children between the ages of 6 to 14 years (the Child Perceptions Questionnaire or CPQ), as well as the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) 11 . The CPQ [11][12][13][14] and P-CPQ are comparable questionnaires with 31 items in common organised into four domains, namely oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional and social well-being.…”

“…The CPQ [11][12][13][14] and P-CPQ are comparable questionnaires with 31 items in common organised into four domains, namely oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional and social well-being. In a study of 42 mothers and children, Jokovic et al 12 found generally good agreement within the groups.…”