Measuring prenatal drug exposure

Bergin, Christi; Cameron, Constance E.; Fleitz, Rosemarie; Patel, Arun

doi:10.1053/jpdn.2001.25534

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Finally, if any of these sources indicated use, (d) a chemical dependency counselor conducted an extensive postpartum interview. All measures of substance exposure have weaknesses that could result in underreporting, so multiple methods of drug assessment are needed to enhance accuracy (Bergin et al, 2001). Postpartum interviews are particularly important because they tend to have high reliability when conducted immediately after birth (Ernhart, Morrow-Tlucak, Sokol, & Martier, 1988;S.W.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At an Ohio central-city clinic where this study took place, roughly 40% of obstetrics patients are positive for nontobacco drugs. All methods of detecting substance use have limitations that result in underreporting, so actual prevalence is probably higher (Bergin, Cameron, Fleitz, & Patel, 2001). When tobacco is included, exposure rates may increase substantially.…”

Section: * * *mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attachment in substance‐exposed toddlers: The role of caregiving and exposure

Bergin

McCollough

2009

Infant Mental Health Journal

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Prenatal substance exposure is linked to adverse outcomes in children. Some adverse outcomes may result from insecure attachment and low-quality caregiving rather than from substance exposure. Little is known about the caregiving of polysubstance-using mothers. To address this, low-income mothers (n = 41) with their substance-exposed 12-month-olds were compared with a nonexposed group case-matched for other risk factors. Maternal sensitivity and involvement were analyzed from 2 hr of videotaped interaction. Attachment was assessed using the Attachment Q-Set. Attachment security and quality of caregiving were quite low for both groups, with no significant differences. In addition, regression analyses revealed that quality of caregiving predicted attachment, but amount of alcohol and cocaine exposure did not. These results suggest that among toddlers with social risk, substance exposure may not predict insecure attachment. Previous research linking attachment to exposure may be better explained by low-quality caregiving. Implications are that substance-exposed children, and nonexposed children with comparable social risk, are likely to need intervention to enhance maternal sensitivity and involvement to improve psychiatric outcomes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: * * *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment in substance‐exposed toddlers: The role of caregiving and exposure

Bergin

McCollough

2009

Infant Mental Health Journal

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“…Thus, all methods of detecting substance exposure have limitations that result in under-identifying SEN. Studies have found that if toxicology tests alone are used, 25% to 47% of infants may be missed (Bergin, Cameron, Fleitz, & Patel, 2001). Colorado's C-SIMI program found that 45% of SEN reported to the CPS hotline tested negative at delivery.…”

Section: Methods For Detecting Substance Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a combination of self-report and toxicology tests should be used throughout the pregnancy, at delivery, and postnatally in order to identify SEN. In fact, use of multiple methods may increase identification four-fold (Bergin et al, 2001).…”

Section: Methods For Detecting Substance Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) Requirements to Serve Substance-Exposed Newborns: Lessons From a Collective Case Study of Four Program Models

Price¹,

Bergin

Luby

et al. 2012

Journal of Public Child Welfare

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“…With regard to methodology: our cocaine and methadone groups had high rates of poly-drug use, a common issue in studies of drug-abusing populations (Bauer et al, 2002; Bergin et al, 2001; Thaithumyanon, Limpongsanurak, Praisuwanna & Punnahitanon, 2005). However, our drug severity score continuum allows for across group comparison.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Functioning of Women Taking Illicit Drugs during Pregnancy and the Growth and Development of Their Offspring in Early Childhood

Serino

Peterson

Rosen

2018

Journal of Dual Diagnosis

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Mothers in the methadone and cocaine groups presented with more severe prenatal drug use and psychosocial risk factors relative to women who used primarily marijuana. Children in the cocaine and methadone groups were neurologically atypical relative to others at study end. Mothers in the marijuana group reported chronic drug use as well as anxiety and depression at follow-up. At birth, children in the marijuana group were smaller, but this resolved with time. Similarly, children in the cocaine group had motor and cognitive delays that resolved by age two. Children in the methadone group had persistent growth and cognitive deficits. Their mothers demonstrated more anxiety, depression, and stress, the combination of which left these women and children liable to face ongoing psychosocial struggle and psychological distress. Dual interventions for mother and child should be considered in attempting to optimize outcome.

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Measuring prenatal drug exposure

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Attachment in substance‐exposed toddlers: The role of caregiving and exposure

Attachment in substance‐exposed toddlers: The role of caregiving and exposure

Implementing Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) Requirements to Serve Substance-Exposed Newborns: Lessons From a Collective Case Study of Four Program Models

Psychological Functioning of Women Taking Illicit Drugs during Pregnancy and the Growth and Development of Their Offspring in Early Childhood

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