Measuring Readiness of Women Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies: Scale Validation and Contextualization

Abstract

In existing body of literature on entrepreneurship, suggests lack of a scientific measurement tool, which can be used to study the readiness for women entrepreneurship particularly in Indian context. The key intention of this research was to develop a specific measurement tool to assess the entrepreneur readiness especially among women. This research paper is based on the variables linked with entrepreneurial readiness activity extracted from the existing literature of the subject. The questionnaire was developed using four constructs identified as attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial readiness, in line with the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The operationalization of factors was done with the help of existing insightful and validated scales. In order to validate the women entrepreneurship readiness scale, a researcher controlled sampling method was employed to collect data from the female students (N=294) of the university of Kashmir. The research used Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) technique for dimensionality of scale, was further subjected to construct validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), technique factorized the entrepreneurship readiness instrument to 04 factor structures. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results also showed adequate construct validity (CR, CV and DV) for the entrepreneurship readiness construct. In conclusion, this research work used scientific approach to develop a valid instrument for the measuring entrepreneur readiness and put forward significant implications for the future research course of action.

Entrepreneurial readiness of Vietnamese pedagogical student females

“…This cross-sectional study by Manzoor et al (2018) assessed the entrepreneurial readiness of women. On the 5-point Likert scale, responses ranged from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree for each item-two linguists versed in the concept of measurement translated this scale into Vietnamese.…”