Measuring risk perceptions of skin cancer: Reliability and validity of different operationalizations

Janssen, Eva; Osch, Liesbeth van; Vries, Hein de; Lechner, Lilian

doi:10.1348/135910710x514120

Cited by 93 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Dillard and colleagues (2011), for example, found that the question, ''If I don't get screened, I would feel very vulnerable to getting colon cancer sometime in my life,'' was more strongly associated with colon cancer screening intentions compared with conventional cognitive measures of perceived likelihood. The same results were found for sun protection behaviors in two other studies (Janssen et al, 2010;Janssen et al, 2011). Therefore, cancer risk communication practices may benefit from considering people's feelings of risk.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

“…Recent research on (cancer) risk perceptions showed that affective likelihood beliefs-also called feelings of risk-are more strongly related to health behavior compared with deliberate probability estimates (e.g., Dillard, Ferrer, Ubel, & Fagerlin, 2012;Janssen, van Osch, de Vries, & Lechner, 2010;Janssen, van Osch, Lechner, Candel, & de Vries, 2011;Weinstein et al, 2007). Dillard and colleagues (2011), for example, found that the question, ''If I don't get screened, I would feel very vulnerable to getting colon cancer sometime in my life,'' was more strongly associated with colon cancer screening intentions compared with conventional cognitive measures of perceived likelihood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influencing Feelings of Cancer Risk: Direct and Moderator Effects of Affectively Laden Phrases in Risk Communication

Janssen

Osch

Lechner

et al. 2015

Journal of Health Communication

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Evidence is accumulating for the importance of feelings of risk in explaining cancer preventive behaviors, but best practices for influencing these feelings are limited. This study investigated the direct and moderational influence of affectively laden phrases in cancer risk messages. Two experimental studies were conducted in relation to different cancer-related behaviors--sunbed use (n = 112) and red meat consumption (n = 447)--among student and nonstudent samples. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: (a) a cognitive message using cognitively laden phrases or (b) an affective message using affectively laden phrases. The results revealed that affective phrases did not directly influence feelings of risk in both studies. Evidence for a moderational influence was found in Study 2, suggesting that affective information strengthened the relation between feelings of risk and intention (i.e., participants relied more on their feelings in the decision-making process after exposure to affective information). These findings suggest that solely using affective phrases in risk communication may not be sufficient to directly influence feelings of risk and other methods need to be explored in future research. Moreover, research is needed to replicate our preliminary indications for a moderational influence of affective phrases to advance theory and practice.

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confidence: 79%

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confidence: 99%

Influencing Feelings of Cancer Risk: Direct and Moderator Effects of Affectively Laden Phrases in Risk Communication

Janssen

Osch

Lechner

et al. 2015

Journal of Health Communication

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“…Using a 5-point response scale (from strongly disagree to strongly agree ), participants completed two items (α = .92) adapted from prior research regarding their conditional perceived skin cancer risk (e.g., “If I don’t protect my skin from the sun, I would feel very vulnerable to getting skin cancer in my lifetime”) (Janssen et al, 2011). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial correlates of sun protection behaviors among U.S. Hispanic adults

et al. 2014

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The incidence of skin cancer among U.S. Hispanics increased 1.3% annually from 1992 to 2008. However, little research has focused on skin cancer prevention among the rapidly growing Hispanic population. In this study, we examined theory-driven, psychosocial correlates of sun protection behaviors in a population-based sample of 787 Hispanic adults (49.6% female, mean age = 41.0 years) residing in five southern or western U.S. states. Participants completed an English- or Spanish-language online survey in September 2011. The outcomes of focus were sunscreen use, shade seeking, and use of sun protective clothing. The correlates included suntan benefits, sun protection benefits and barriers, skin color preference, perceived natural skin protection, photo-aging concerns, perceived skin cancer risk, skin cancer worry, skin cancer fatalism, and sun protection descriptive norms. Results of multiple linear regression analyses revealed the following: sun protection barriers were negatively associated with each outcome; descriptive norms were positively associated with each outcome; perceived natural skin protection was inversely associated with sunscreen use; skin cancer worry was positively associated with shade seeking and use of sun protective clothing; skin cancer fatalism was negatively associated with shade seeking; and skin color preference was negatively associated with use of sun protective clothing. A number of additional statistically significant associations were identified in bivariate correlation analyses. This study informs the potential content of interventions to promote engagement in sun protection behaviors among U.S. Hispanics.

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“…Examples of experiential risk perceptions include gut-level assessments of vulnerability (e.g., “how vulnerable do you feel?” [34] or gist-representations of risk [35]. Experiential risk perceptions are often more predictive of intentions or behavior than are deliberative risk perceptions [34, 36]. …”

Section: Types Of Risk Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk perceptions and health behavior

Ferrer

Klein

2015

Current Opinion in Psychology

734

551

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Risk perceptions – or an individual’s perceived susceptibility to a threat – are a key component of many health behavior change theories. Risk perceptions are often targeted in health behavior change interventions, and recent meta-analytic evidence suggests that interventions that successfully engage and change risk perceptions produce subsequent increases in health behaviors. Here, we review recent literature on risk perceptions and health behavior, including research on the formation of risk perceptions, types of risk perceptions (including deliberative, affective, and experiential), accuracy of risk perceptions, and associations and interactions among types of risk perceptions. Taken together, existing research suggests that disease risk perceptions are a critical determinant of health behavior, although the nature of the association among risk perceptions and health behavior may depend on the profile of different types of risk perceptions and the accuracy of such perceptions.

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Measuring risk perceptions of skin cancer: Reliability and validity of different operationalizations

Cited by 93 publications

References 54 publications

Influencing Feelings of Cancer Risk: Direct and Moderator Effects of Affectively Laden Phrases in Risk Communication

Influencing Feelings of Cancer Risk: Direct and Moderator Effects of Affectively Laden Phrases in Risk Communication

Psychosocial correlates of sun protection behaviors among U.S. Hispanic adults

Risk perceptions and health behavior

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