Measuring segregation: an activity space approach

Wong, David W. S.; Shaw, Shih‐Lung

doi:10.1007/s10109-010-0112-x

Cited by 247 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Fifthly, Ottaviano and Peri (2006) measure the effect on wages and rents in US cities by means of the standard fractionalization index. Finally, Wong and Shaw (2011) use an exposure measure of ethnic segregation but take an activity space approach rather than the conventional residential perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural diversity: a matter of measurement

Nijkamp

Poot²

2015

The Economics of Cultural Diversity

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.IZA Discussion Paper No. 8782 January 2015 ABSTRACTCultural Diversity: A Matter of Measurement * Cultural diversity -in various forms -has in recent years turned into a prominent and relevant research and policy issue. There is an avalanche of studies across many disciplines that measure and analyse cultural diversity and its impacts. Based on different perspectives and features of the available data, a great variety of diversity indicators have emerged. The present paper aims to highlight some critical issues involved in applying such measures of cultural diversity. A selection of commonly used or recently advocated measures are reviewed. Measures of population diversity can be calculated at different spatial scales and used to analyse spatio-temporal heterogeneity. Additionally, there is a growing interest in measuring spatial dependence, particularly in the form of segregation or clusters. We conclude that there will be in the future considerable scope for adopting multidimensional and cultural distance-weighted measures of diversity. Such measures will be increasingly calculated by means of rich geo-referenced longitudinal micro data. However, adopted measures must be better motivated by behavioural theories. Further research on the determinants and impacts of observed measures of diversity is also likely to be fruitful, particularly in a dynamical setting.JEL Classification: C00, D63, J15, R23, Z13

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural diversity: a matter of measurement

Nijkamp

Poot²

2015

The Economics of Cultural Diversity

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“…[16][17][18][19] While this approach provides a strong indication of the direction of a person's activities within their proximal community, outlier activity points can lead to an overestimation of the size of activity space. [20][21][22][23][24] To address this problem, the current study used a mean circle approach. 17,19 The mean circle method represents one of the earlier attempts to define areas of importance based on the presence of point or line phenomena.…”

Section: Participatory Social Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding perceptions of community participation in persons with severe mental illness: A mixed-methods approach

Day

Lalla

Frederick

et al. 2016

Can J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: This study aims to measure community participation in persons with severe mental illness (SMI) in Toronto, Ontario and outlines a methodological approach for understanding the dimensions of community participation. METHODS:A mixed methods approach was used to define activity spaces through participatory mapping and a qualitative survey interview for participants (N = 31), selected through a stratified purposeful sampling strategy. Five neighbourhoods in Toronto were sampled in an attempt to obtain an ethnically diverse sample. Participants were interviewed over the study period and asked to draw maps indicating places that constituted their community. A qualitative interview was also administered to understand participants' perceptions of their communities. Point locations from the mapping exercise were used to measure and construct activity spaces using a mean circle approach; outlying locations were simultaneously recorded. Observed spatial patterns were then analyzed alongside the findings of the qualitative interviews.RESULTS: There were no observed relationships between the number of locations reported by participants and the resultant activity space or outlier count. There were no quantitative relationships between activity space size and perceptions of community by participants. However, qualitative data revealed that a number of underlying factors (mental health status and associated stigma; relationships with friends and family; cultural background; income; and neighbourhood safety) influenced participants' activity spaces. CONCLUSIONS:These results highlight the ways that community participation is influenced by an interplay of determinants, all of which have implications for service delivery and population-level interventions. They also point to the importance of mixed methods approaches in spatial analysis.KEY WORDS: Mental health; community; schizophrenia; spatial analysis La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

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“…Quantitative studies of this kind generally involve a multitude of methodological and computational challenges and different methods and measurements have been proposed (Wong & Shaw 2011;Palmer 2013;Farber et al 2013Farber et al , 2015. In a paper where travel-diary data from residents in southeast Florida was used, Wong & Shaw (2011), for example, demonstrated how measures of exposure for different racial groups, following the index proposed by Lieberson (1981), could be computed in order to illustrate the importance of daily travel patterns for interethnic contact.…”

Section: Segregation Across Multiple Spatial Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a paper where travel-diary data from residents in southeast Florida was used, Wong & Shaw (2011), for example, demonstrated how measures of exposure for different racial groups, following the index proposed by Lieberson (1981), could be computed in order to illustrate the importance of daily travel patterns for interethnic contact.…”

Section: Segregation Across Multiple Spatial Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a growing body of literature argues that segregation needs to be treated as a process occurring also outside the location of one's home, the argument being that individual experiences of segregation are not only a result of the conditions of the home neighbourhood, but also daily mobility in and through other places (Wong & Shaw 2011;Kwan 2013;Krivo et al 2013;Heringa et al 2014;Matthews 2014). This literature acknowledges that areas outside the residential neighbourhood may have a significant role in determining personal experiences of segregation, and accordingly, individuals residing in the same area may be exposed to very different social and economic contexts depending on the nature of their daily mobility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatial and temporal patterns of economic segregation in Sweden’s metropolitan areas: A mobility approach

Östh

Shuttleworth²,

Niedomysl

2018

Environ Plan A

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The statistical resources at hand for segregation research are usually almost exclusively confined to annual or decennial records where the only available spatial information is the individual’s place of residence. This coarse temporal periodicity and spatial resolution provides a very limited account of people’s diurnal lives. Incorporating mobility and temporal dimensions in segregation analysis is advocated within a growing body of research but there has rarely been sufficient data to make this possible. In this paper, we employ a fine-grained mobile phone dataset outlining the daily mobility of a substantial sample of the residents in Sweden’s metropolitan areas. Combining spatial trajectory data with detailed socio-economic residential statistics, we are able to study how everyday spatial mobility in cities shapes the segregation experiences of people and changes the segregation levels of places. Results indicate that while mobility alleviates segregation for some individuals, the population of a large number of areas remain highly segregated even when daily mobility is taken into account. Individuals residing or spending time in central urban areas are more exposed to individuals from other areas because of daily moves to these central places. Daytime movement to central areas also reduces segregation significantly for people from places remote from city centres but with high average levels of mobility whilst daytime segregation levels remain close to their original night-time levels in low-mobility areas in the outskirts of the cities.

show abstract

Measuring segregation: an activity space approach

Cited by 247 publications

References 56 publications

Cultural diversity: a matter of measurement

Cultural diversity: a matter of measurement

Understanding perceptions of community participation in persons with severe mental illness: A mixed-methods approach

Spatial and temporal patterns of economic segregation in Sweden’s metropolitan areas: A mobility approach

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