Measuring the dynamics of second-order photon correlation functions inside a pulse with picosecond time resolution

Aßmann, Marc; Veit, Franziska; Tempel, Jean-Sebastian; Berstermann, T.; Stolz, H.; Poel, Mike van der; Hvam, Jørn Märcher; Bayer, М.

doi:10.1364/oe.18.020229

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Here, we will use the integrated correlation function that depends only on τ = t 2 −t 1 and represents the statistics of the delay times τ between pairs of emission events (as used in the experimental studies 11,13 ),…”

Section: Correlation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(8) can be viewed as an average of the normalized function g (2) (t 1 , t 2 ) weighted by the product of relative (normalized) intensities at the two times 13 .…”

Section: Correlation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probably the most obvious option is to look at the second-order correlation function of the emitted radiation, which is experimentally accessible via detection of photon-photon (intensity) correlations and is commonly applied to characterize light fields emitted from QD systems [8][9][10] . While the original approach, based on the standard Hanbury-Brown and Twiss setup, limited the temporal resolution of the measured correlation functions to the nanosecond range, the recently developed experimental technique [11][12][13] gives access to second-order correlations on much shorter time scales. In this method, one uses a streak camera in the single photon counting mode to register the detection traces of incident photons with picosecond resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photon-photon correlation statistics in the collective emission from ensembles of self-assembled quantum dots

Miftasani¹,

Machnikowski²

2016

Phys. Rev. B

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We present a theoretical analysis of the intensity autocorrelation for the spontaneous emission from a planar ensemble of self-assembled quantum dots. Using the quantum jump approach, we numerically simulate the evolution of the system and construct photon-photon delay time statistics that approximates the second order correlation function of the field. The form of this correlation function in the case of collective emission from a highly homogeneous ensemble qualitatively differs form that characterizing an ensemble of independent emitters (inhomogeneous ensemble of uncoupled dots). The signatures of collective emission in the intensity correlations are observed also in the case of an inhomogeneous but sufficiently strongly coupled ensemble. Thus, we show that the second order correlation function of the emitted field provides a sensitive test of cooperative effects.

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Section: Correlation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(8) can be viewed as an average of the normalized function g (2) (t 1 , t 2 ) weighted by the product of relative (normalized) intensities at the two times 13 .…”

Section: Correlation Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photon-photon correlation statistics in the collective emission from ensembles of self-assembled quantum dots

Miftasani¹,

Machnikowski²

2016

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Nonclassical dynamic features were observed in the light from semiconductor microlasers. However, it was so far not possible to detect nonclassical properties of light from a single quantum emitter [23] because of poor detection efficiency.In our approach, we determine the statistical properties of a photon stream from a single emitter by detecting the arrival times of individual photons with a single detector [ Fig. 1(d)].…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Measuring the quantum nature of light with a single source and a single detector

et al. 2012

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An elementary experiment in optics consists of a light source and a detector. Yet, if the source generates nonclassical correlations such an experiment is capable of unambiguously demonstrating the quantum nature of light. We realized such an experiment with a defect center in diamond and a superconducting detector. Previous experiments relied on more complex setups, such as the Hanbury Brown and Twiss configuration, where a beam splitter directs light to two photodetectors, creating the false impression that the beam splitter is a fundamentally required element. As an additional benefit, our results provide a simplification of the widely used photon-correlation techniques. Loudon [4] that a much simpler experiment in which the light is arranged to fall on a single phototube would be sufficient. Here, we perform such an experiment and show single-photon statistics from a quantum emitter with only one detector. The superconducting detector we fabricated has a dead time shorter than the coherence time of the emitter. No beam splitter is employed, yet anticorrelations are observed. Our work simplifies a widely used photon-correlation technique [5,6].A single-photon Fock state is a single excitation of a mode k of the electromagnetic field a † k |0 . A more general single-photon state appropriate to describe the final wave packet generated by a single-photon source in an experiment is a superposition of different spatio-temporal modes containing in total one excitation. The probability P (n) of finding exactly n excitations in the modes may distinguish different states of light. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show a schematic representation of a coherent state where P (n) is a Poissonian distribution together with a number (or Fock) state with exactly 1 photon per mode, respectively. In the case of a single-photon state (n = 1) detection of a single excitation projects the measured mode to the vacuum state; i.e., the probability of detecting another photon in the very same mode is zero. Since the temporal mode profile is associated with a characteristic coherence time τ c , coincidence events within the time interval τ c are absent; antibunching is observed. On the contrary, * steudle@physik.hu-berlin.de † http://www.physik.hu-berlin.de/nano for a coherent state the probability of detecting a photon is independent of any previous detection event. Antibunching is thus not only a consequence of photons being indivisible particles but requires a specific quantum statistical distribution of discrete excitations. The latter requirement is overlooked in a simple explanation of antibunching in a HBT experiment [ Fig. 1(c)]. There a photon is regarded as a classical indivisible particle and necessarily has to decide which path to take when impinging on a beam splitter. Such an interpretation is certainly naïve. It even led to paradoxical conclusions, such as in some implementations of Wheeler's delayed choice paradox [7].Today, many different sources have been realized that generate antibunched light such as single-photon sources ...

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Time‐Resolved Second‐Order Coherence Characterization of Broadband Metallic Nanolasers

George

Bruhács

Aadhi

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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High‐bandwidth metallic coaxial nanolasers are of high interest to investigate laser physics such as thresholdless coherence transitions, and have a large variety of promising applications enabled by their ultrasmall size and large spectral bandwidth. Optical coherence properties are commonly characterized in Hanbury‐Brown and Twiss experiments. However, those are difficult to perform in broadband lasers when the coherence time is an order of magnitude shorter than the temporal resolution of the single‐photon detectors, thus requiring significant spectral filtering. This paper demonstrates a new approach in investigating the temporal dynamics of the photon statistics associated with the nanolaser emission, obtained without the requirement of spectral filtering. While optically pumping the nanolasers with nanosecond pulses, time‐resolved second‐order coherence properties are evaluated over the time duration of the pump pulse. Coherence transitions from thermal emission to lasing are observed in the gathered time‐resolved photon statistics, linked to the temporal change in optical power of the nanosecond pump pulses. As nanolasers show better performance for the pulsed pumping scheme, the temporal envelope modulation of these pulses results in varying degrees of coherence within the nanolaser pulse envelope. This approach can also be readily applied to characterize a large variety of broadband lasers.

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Measuring the dynamics of second-order photon correlation functions inside a pulse with picosecond time resolution

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Photon-photon correlation statistics in the collective emission from ensembles of self-assembled quantum dots

Photon-photon correlation statistics in the collective emission from ensembles of self-assembled quantum dots

Measuring the quantum nature of light with a single source and a single detector

Time‐Resolved Second‐Order Coherence Characterization of Broadband Metallic Nanolasers

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