Measuring the Efficiency of Energy and Carbon Emissions: A Review of Definitions, Models, and Input-Output Variables

Li, Shuangjie; Wang, Wei; Diao, Hongyu; Wang, Liming

doi:10.3390/en15030962

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Likewise, the authors [17] propose the calculation of total factor energy efficiency (TFEE) using the concept of global production instead of domestic product, which excludes intermediate consumption. Another paper worthy to cite comes from the authors [18]. In that work, a literature review was carried out, and the authors found that the currently in use definitions of total-factor energy efficiency and total-factor carbon emissions efficiency are confusing and misleading.…”

Section: Energy Efficiency and Its Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency Forecast as an Inverse Stochastic Problem: A Cross-Entropy Econometrics Approach

Bwanakare

2023

Energies

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This paper forecasts the energy efficiency coefficients at the Polish province level (NUT-2), based on imperfect and contradictory knowledge. On the one hand, we have information on the aggregated national energy efficiency coefficients in the industrial, transport, household, and service sectors. On the other hand, we also have information on the energy intensity at the Polish province level. Since the two samples are of different natures and known with uncertainty, we are obviously dealing with an inverse stochastic problem whose solution requires particular statistical devices. The applied technique of non-extensive cross-entropy econometrics generalizes the Shannon-Kullback-Leibler approach based on the Gaussian assumptions. Its justification is explained throughout this paper from both methodological and empirical points of view. The model forecasts lead to the high-value energy efficiency estimates from quasi-unstructured sets of information. This constitutes the main contribution of this research. These outputs should provide energy policy units with valuable new devices for the optimization of the energy management processes on a disaggregated local level where, by contrast, different agents and households act decisively. On a global level, the proposed technique can be applied in different EU countries and elsewhere, in the context of experimental official statistics.

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Section: Energy Efficiency and Its Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency Forecast as an Inverse Stochastic Problem: A Cross-Entropy Econometrics Approach

Bwanakare

2023

Energies

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“…Based on the principle of simplicity, one of the widely applied expressions of carbon performance for Chinese enterprises with carbon emission is a ratio of sales and carbon emission, as used in [ 10 ]. Other approaches, such as input and output models with nonradial directional distance, are available to calculate the carbon performance [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. From the perspective of corporate management, carbon performance is well applied to investigate the impact of carbon emission and green innovation on the financial performance.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Regulation Promotes Eco-Efficiency through Industrial Transfer: Evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China

Dai

Liu

Ding

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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How does environmental regulation affect ecological efficiency? What is the role of industrial transfer in the mechanism of action? Relations and interactions between the three determine economic quality when ecological performance is concerned. Empirical studies in this paper are based on samples from the Yangtze River economic belt in China, which contributes nearly half of China’s GDP. By measuring environmental regulation, industrial transfer, and ecological efficiency, data and indexes are prepared for investigating the driving mechanism of environmental regulation and illustrating of the role of industrial transfer. By applying the Markov process to model industrial transfer between regions, the dynamic of transfer is simulated and facilitates further study on the effects of industrial transfer. Finally, this paper concludes that by targeting on the improvement of ecological efficiency, environmental regulation releases its utility through industrial transfer. The highlights include three aspects. Theoretically, it illustrates the driving mechanism of improving the eco-efficiency by environmental regulation. Technically, it pioneers a methodology for describing the regional industrial transfer by modeling it with a Markov process. Practically, the conclusion supplies insights into the inherent law of sustainable development for policy makers.

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“…Reasonable and accurate carbon measurement is an important technical support to measure carbon emissions but also to achieve the "double carbon" target data support. Electricity and heating as an important industry of carbon dioxide emissions [5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Whole-Segment Carbon Measurement Approach for Energy Systems Incorporating Knowledge Mapping Techniques

Li,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

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As the current carbon measurement method makes it difficult to reflect the time-space variability of carbon emission factors, it leads to the inability to clarify the carbon emission responsibility of grid-side losses. In this paper, starting from the internal power system, based on the power system carbon emission flow analysis theory and knowledge graph technology, a trend-tracking analytical algorithm based on the node conductivity matrix operation is proposed to solve the complex power allocation relationship between each generating unit and each node load, and between each generating unit and the line network loss. On the basis of this algorithm, the carbon flow tracking model of the whole power system is established according to the conversion relationship between the current and the carbon flow, and the analytical expressions of the carbon emission distribution among the power generation side, the load side and the line loss are obtained by combining with matrix operation, so as to measure the carbon emission measurement results of the whole power system and to provide data references for the responsibility sharing of carbon emission. Finally, simulation verification is carried out based on the actual system operation and load data for C city. The total amount of carbon emissions from electricity consumption is 98.8 million tCO2 when C city is used as the minimum spatial scale, while the total amount of carbon emissions from electricity consumption is 67.9 million tCO2, 14.0 million tCO2, 16.9 million tCO2, and the total amount of the three regions is 98.8 million tCO2, which is consistent with that calculated when C city is used as the minimum spatial scale. The calculation results are consistent in real-time. The carbon measurement method proposed in this paper can obtain higher spatial resolution carbon measurement results for electricity consumption.

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Measuring the Efficiency of Energy and Carbon Emissions: A Review of Definitions, Models, and Input-Output Variables

Cited by 12 publications

References 118 publications

Energy Efficiency Forecast as an Inverse Stochastic Problem: A Cross-Entropy Econometrics Approach

Energy Efficiency Forecast as an Inverse Stochastic Problem: A Cross-Entropy Econometrics Approach

Environmental Regulation Promotes Eco-Efficiency through Industrial Transfer: Evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China

A Whole-Segment Carbon Measurement Approach for Energy Systems Incorporating Knowledge Mapping Techniques

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