“…Past studies have tested the wake‐up call hypothesis by assessing cross‐country equity volatility and crises transmission (Bekaert et al, 2014; Carvalho et al, 2015; Titman & Wei, 1999) and cross‐currency volatility transmissions (Gu & McNelis, 2013), and by comparing Islamic and non‐Islamic stocks (Akhtar & Jahromi, 2017). Yu et al (2019) investigate volatility spillover among stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and commodities in the US, EU, UK, Japan and China, while Kim and Yang (2008) test the impact of price limits on intra‐day volatility and information asymmetry in Taiwan. Studies focusing on REITs include volatility or return transmissions between REITs and stock markets (Case et al, 2012; Hoesli & Reka, 2013; Yang et al, 2012), between REITs and bond markets (Chong et al, 2009) and among EREITs, MREITs, equity and bond markets (Anderson et al, 2021; Chiang et al, 2017) among others.…”