Measuring the Relationship Between Northern Corn Leaf Blight and Yield Losses

Raymundo, A. D.

doi:10.1094/pd-65-325

Cited by 98 publications

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“…Although it appears that only a limited number of mechanisms provide plants with potentially complete resistance against pathogens, it is likely that a wider range of mechanisms allow plants to reduce the success of their pathogens. Indeed, several types of novel defense-related genes conditioning quantitative resistance have been recently identified (8-11), supporting the proposition that a range of genes and mechanisms are involved in QDR (3).Northern leaf blight (NLB) is an endemic disease in maizegrowing regions throughout the world, where it can cause epidemics of moderate to severe yield losses (12)(13)(14). Caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Setosphaeria turcica (anamorph Exserohilum turcicum), NLB is of particular concern in the tropical highlands, where conditions favor disease development and subsistence farming and food insecurity are prevalent.…”

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“…Northern leaf blight (NLB) is an endemic disease in maizegrowing regions throughout the world, where it can cause epidemics of moderate to severe yield losses (12)(13)(14). Caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Setosphaeria turcica (anamorph Exserohilum turcicum), NLB is of particular concern in the tropical highlands, where conditions favor disease development and subsistence farming and food insecurity are prevalent.…”

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Genome-wide nested association mapping of quantitative resistance to northern leaf blight in maize

Poland

Bradbury

Buckler

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

377

340

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Quantitative resistance to plant pathogens, controlled by multiple loci of small effect, is important for food production, food security, and food safety but is poorly understood. To gain insights into the genetic architecture of quantitative resistance in maize, we evaluated a 5,000-inbred-line nested association mapping population for resistance to northern leaf blight, a maize disease of global economic importance. Twenty-nine quantitative trait loci were identified, and most had multiple alleles. The large variation in resistance phenotypes could be attributed to the accumulation of numerous loci of small additive effects. Genome-wide nested association mapping, using 1.6 million SNPs, identified multiple candidate genes related to plant defense, including receptor-like kinase genes similar to those involved in basal defense. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that quantitative disease resistance in plants is conditioned by a range of mechanisms and could have considerable mechanistic overlap with basal resistance.Zea mays | Setosphaeria turcica | Exserohilum turcicum | quantitative trait loci mapping R esistance to diseases in many plant and animal systems is based on complex inheritance. Complex or quantitative disease resistance in plants (QDR), conditioned by numerous genes of small effect, is of practical importance in agriculture because it is less readily overcome by the evolution of pathogen populations than simply inherited forms of resistance (1). Resistance-gene alleles providing complete or near-complete resistance are typically involved in direct or indirect recognition of the pathogen (2). Mutation or loss of the recognition target in the pathogen renders one or more resistance alleles at these genes ineffective. On the other hand, QDR tends to be associated with more durable resistance, as a pathogen strain that overcomes a single allele of small effect does not gain a large selective advantage, and loss of effectiveness of a single gene does not leave the host completely susceptible (1, 3-5). For some important plant diseases, including most caused by necrotrophic pathogens, resistance genes of large effect are unknown and QDR is the only available form of resistance.Race-specific resistance genes have been found to largely fall into few classes of genes, the most common being the group containing nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) motifs (2). In maize, major race-specific resistance genes are limited mainly to the rust diseases (6) and to a lesser extent northern leaf blight (7). Although it appears that only a limited number of mechanisms provide plants with potentially complete resistance against pathogens, it is likely that a wider range of mechanisms allow plants to reduce the success of their pathogens. Indeed, several types of novel defense-related genes conditioning quantitative resistance have been recently identified (8-11), supporting the proposition that a range of genes and mechanisms are involved in QDR (3).Northern leaf blight (NLB) is an endemic ...

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

Genome-wide nested association mapping of quantitative resistance to northern leaf blight in maize

Poland

Bradbury

Buckler

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

377

340

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“…Infections manifest as local lesions and necrosis, which lead to reduced photosynthetically active leaf area and yield losses. The disease occurs prevalently under conditions of high humidity and moderate temperatures and can be found in most regions where maize is grown (13)(14)(15). The Htn1 locus confers quantitative and partial resistance against NCLB by delaying lesion formation.…”

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confidence: 99%

The maize disease resistance gene Htn1 against northern corn leaf blight encodes a wall-associated receptor-like kinase

Hurni

Scheuermann

Krattinger

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

277

221

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Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Exserohilum turcicum is an important foliar disease of maize that is mainly controlled by growing resistant maize cultivars. The Htn1 locus confers quantitative and partial NCLB resistance by delaying the onset of lesion formation. Htn1 represents an important source of genetic resistance that was originally introduced from a Mexican landrace into modern maize breeding lines in the 1970s. Using a high-resolution map-based cloning approach, we delimited Htn1 to a 131.7-kb physical interval on chromosome 8 that contained three candidate genes encoding two wall-associated receptor-like kinases (ZmWAK-RLK1 and ZmWAK-RLK2) and one wall-associated receptor-like protein (ZmWAK-RLP1). TILLING (targeting induced local lesions in genomes) mutants in ZmWAK-RLK1 were more susceptible to NCLB than wild-type plants, both in greenhouse experiments and in the field. ZmWAK-RLK1 contains a nonarginine-aspartate (non-RD) kinase domain, typically found in plant innate immune receptors. Sequence comparison showed that the extracellular domain of ZmWAK-RLK1 is highly diverse between different maize genotypes. Furthermore, an alternative splice variant resulting in a truncated protein was present at higher frequency in the susceptible parents of the mapping populations compared with in the resistant parents. Hence, the quantitative Htn1 disease resistance in maize is encoded by an unusual innate immune receptor with an extracellular wall-associated kinase domain. These results further highlight the importance of this protein family in resistance to adapted pathogens.wall-associated receptor-like kinase | quantitative disease resistance | pattern recognition receptor | Exserohilum turcicum | maize

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“…caused by the pathogen Exserohilum turcicum is a serious threat to maize cultivation worldwide, reportedly causing yield losses of more than 50% (Raymundo andHooker 1981 andPerkins andPederson 1987). NCLB is common in areas that have high humidity combined with moderate temperatures in the northeastern United States, in sub-Saharan Africa and in areas of China, Latin America, and India (Adipala et al, 1995 andDingerdissen et al, 1996).…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 06 (2018)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping QTLs for resistance to Northern Leaf Blight in Tropical Maize (Zea mays L.)

Hegde¹,

Kumar²,

Gangashetti³

et al. 2018

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Measuring the Relationship Between Northern Corn Leaf Blight and Yield Losses

Cited by 98 publications

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Genome-wide nested association mapping of quantitative resistance to northern leaf blight in maize

Genome-wide nested association mapping of quantitative resistance to northern leaf blight in maize

The maize disease resistance gene Htn1 against northern corn leaf blight encodes a wall-associated receptor-like kinase

Mapping QTLs for resistance to Northern Leaf Blight in Tropical Maize (Zea mays L.)

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