Measuring the right factors: A review of variables and models for thermal comfort and indoor air quality

Ma, Nan; Aviv, Dorit; Guo, Hu; Braham, William W.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2020.110436

Cited by 151 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Both thermal comfort and IAQ are greatly influenced by ventilation because ventilation can remove indoor contaminants and provide the occupants with fresh air, contributing to controlling and improving IAQ [38][39][40]. In some circumstances, ventilation can be used to adjust the indoor air temperature and relative humidity via the introduced fresh air, resulting in less operation of mechanical systems and corresponding lower energy consumption [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to now, many relevant review articles have been published, but most of them focus on one or at most two issues among thermal comfort, IAQ, or ventilation energy consumption. For example, Yuan et al [42] discussed the satisfaction of thermal comfort; Ma et al [39] analysed the measurement parameters for thermal comfort and IAQ; Sharma et al [43] studied the indoor thermal performance in naturally ventilated built environments. Only one study concentrates on interactions among these three issues, but not for educational buildings [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy Consumption of Educational Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

Jia¹,

Han²,

Chen

et al. 2021

Buildings

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Thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) of educational buildings can affect students’ academic performance and well-being and are closely related to ventilation energy consumption. Demands of the indoor environmental quality within the classroom generally vary with the education levels and result in ventilation energy consumption accounting for a considerable proportion of the total energy use in bulk educational buildings. Its huge energy-saving potential is attracting worldwide attention from scholars and governments. Therefore, appropriate operation strategies of ventilation systems should be adopted to effectively reduce energy consumption without sacrificing thermal comfort and IAQ. However, the absence of relevant standards and guidelines for designing a quality classroom environment considering the special features of educational buildings remains an important research question. This study conducts a comprehensive review to determine research gaps and identify future directions for the interaction between thermal comfort, IAQ and ventilation energy consumption for educational buildings. The review results show that: (1) The thermal comfort prediction model should consider the influences of genders, ages and socioeconomic backgrounds; (2) The mixed-mode ventilation coupling the natural and mechanical approaches is preferred given its advantage of lower energy consumption and improved thermal comfort, but its control strategies need further exploration; (3) Optimizing passive design parameters of buildings (e.g., window to wall ratios, window orientations and sun shading installations) can significantly reduce the ventilation demands while maintaining indoor thermal comfort; (4) More studies are required for investigating thermal comfort in educational buildings during the heating period; and (5) IAQ of university buildings clearly requires further studies, especially on bacterial and fungal aerosol pollutants, for a more comprehensive assessment of the built environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy Consumption of Educational Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

Jia¹,

Han²,

Chen

et al. 2021

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Concerning the final services which are usually evaluated in terms of environmental parameters [14], they are often object of multi-objective optimization to involve the building energy management and the satisfaction of the occupants, as provided in [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HVAC Energy Saving Strategies for Public Buildings Based on Heat Pumps and Demand Controlled Ventilation

2021

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The paper analyzes and compares the perspectives for reducing the energy consumption associated to the operation of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning system for climatic control of large-size non-residential buildings. Three different control strategies are considered comparing the use of boiler and heat pumps as heating systems and analyzing the use of demand-controlled ventilation, operating on the effective occupancy of the building. The control strategies are applied to two different educational buildings with shapes representative of typical educational structures. The results of the analysis show how the energy consumption can be reduced up to 70%, shifting from the actual values of the energy intensity of over 300 kWh/m2 for year to values of less than 100 kWh/m2 per year. The significance of the energy savings achieved in such different buildings has led to the identification of a possible benchmark for HVAC systems in the next future years which could help reach the environmental targets in this sector.

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“…Especially during times of acceptable outdoor air temperatures, it is sensible to consider natural or even hybrid ventilation (mechanical and natural) supported by radiant cooling. The latter is practical under certain conditions because of the significantly higher thermal capacity of water compared with air, which increases the efficiency of the heat extraction process from the room substantially [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Indoor Air Quality in Classrooms via Wind-Induced Natural Ventilation

Bayoumi

2021

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering

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Student performance in classrooms is related to the indoor environmental quality. High air change rates are necessary to secure an acceptable level of indoor air quality and provide fresh air, which require large amounts of energy and technical installations. Mostly, mechanically supplied air is partially mixed with the return air. In warm climates, the capacity for natural ventilation is not fully exploited in modern buildings. During periods of acceptable outdoor temperatures, buildings need to adapt and employ available free renewable resources, such as wind. In this context, the building form, orientation, and envelope openings are crucial to enable an increased air change rate, user satisfaction, and energy savings. Owing to the difficulty of providing cross-ventilation in buildings with double-loaded corridors, single-sided ventilation is the most common approach. This study investigates the methods to improve the wind-driven air exchange of classrooms in warm climates, where naturally ventilated corridors help increase air movement. This study examines the potential of a set of alternatives within the context of a generic model regarding the pressure distribution, thermal sensation, air velocity, and air change rate. The study suggests that no single opening scenario can be applied to all façades at any time. Each façade requires special treatment. Decisions on natural ventilation need to be made during the early design stages for each façade. It was found that with the aid of low-tech modifications, remarkable increases in air change rates, in some cases up to 14.5 times that of the typical single-sided ventilation case, could be achieved.

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Measuring the right factors: A review of variables and models for thermal comfort and indoor air quality

Cited by 151 publications

References 148 publications

Interaction between Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy Consumption of Educational Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

Interaction between Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy Consumption of Educational Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

HVAC Energy Saving Strategies for Public Buildings Based on Heat Pumps and Demand Controlled Ventilation

Improving Indoor Air Quality in Classrooms via Wind-Induced Natural Ventilation

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