Measuring thermoelectric effects in thermal converters with a fast reversed DC

Klonz, M.; Spiegel, Thomas; Zirpel, R.; Inglis, B.D.; Hammond, G.; Sasaki, Hirokazu; Takahashi, Kyoko; Stojanovic, B.

doi:10.1109/19.377858

Cited by 79 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…3, the ac-dc transfer difference for our MJTC is less than 10 iiV/V in the frequency range from 10 Hz up to 1 MHz. Using the fast-reversed dc (FRDC) method, the thenno electric transfer difference for the MJTC, which determines the frequency-independent part of the ac-dc transfer difference, was evaluated to be less than 0.2 uV/N [10]. This result is in accordance with that measured from the ac-dc difference measurement.…”

Section: Designsupporting

confidence: 75%

High-Performance Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Developed at AIST

Fujiki¹,

Kasai²,

Sasaki³

et al. 2004

2004 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements

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For wide spread distribution of multijunction thermal converters (MJTCs), thin film MJTCs with a novel structure have been developed. In order to reduce the effect of thermal ripples to the output voltage for MJTCs, we introduced an AIN chip under a Cu electrode on which Bi/Sb thermocouples are integrated. The thermoelectric transfer difference of the new MJTCs was evaluated to be less than 0.2 pVN and their ac-dc differences was measured to be less than 10 pV/V in the frequency range from 10 Hz up to 1 MHz. The maximum output EMF for developed MJTCs was 35 mV.

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Section: Designsupporting

confidence: 75%

High-Performance Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Developed at AIST

Fujiki¹,

Kasai²,

Sasaki³

et al. 2004

2004 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This leads to ac-dc transfer differences caused by thermoelectric effects on the dc, referred to as frequency-independent ac-dc differences. Thermoelectric transfer differences in thermal converters were evaluated by using the fast-reversed dc (FRDC) method [15]. Fig.…”

Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Design for Improved High-Frequency Performance

Fujiki

2007

IEEE Sensors J.

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New thin-film planar multijunction thermal converters (PMJTC) were developed to improve the high-frequency ac-dc transfer differences. The heater resistor and thermocouples of these PMJTCs were produced on different substrates: an AlN chip for the heaters and polyimide film for the thermocouples, using simple fabrication processes. The thermocouples were moved from the conventional high-potential heater position, and placed close to the ground electrode of the input circuit. This new configuration upgrades the performance of ac-dc transfer differences above 10 kHz by improving both the electromagnetic coupling between the heater and thermocouples and the output resistance of thermocouples. Using a high thermal conductivity AlN substrate, through which heat is conducted from the heater to the hot junctions of the thermocouples, almost the same sensitivity as that of PMJTCs on silicon is obtained.

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“…The uncertainty due to thermoelectric effects such as the Thomson effect was characterized using a fastreversed dc method [23], [24]. The leading term is the standard uncertainty due to the simulated ac-dc transfer difference at low frequencies.…”

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Electrothermal Simulation for Low-Frequency Characterization of a Single-Junction Thermal Converter

Amagai

Fujiki

2014

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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We perform a numerical simulation for the lowfrequency characterization of a single-junction thermal converter down to 1 Hz using an improved electrothermal model. The lowfrequency characterization of a thermal converter below 10 Hz is of great importance for linking ac-dc transfer standards and lowfrequency ac voltage standards based on sampling methods. One feature of our model is the incorporation of the heat capacity for the thermocouple, which has previously been neglected to reproduce an accurate thermal time constant. Our model also includes the temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient in the thermocouple in addition to the temperature-dependent material parameters of the heater. To verify the simulation results, the calculated results are compared with the experimental results, which shows that our improved model well reproduces the measured data below 1 Hz. The estimated uncertainty of the simulated ac-dc transfer differences is 49 µV/V at 4 Hz. These results suggest that our model is a useful predictive tool at low frequencies.Index Terms-AC-DC difference, electrical variable measurement, numerical analysis, thermal converter, thermal voltage converter.

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Measuring thermoelectric effects in thermal converters with a fast reversed DC

Cited by 79 publications

References 25 publications

High-Performance Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Developed at AIST

High-Performance Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Developed at AIST

New Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Design for Improved High-Frequency Performance

Improved Electrothermal Simulation for Low-Frequency Characterization of a Single-Junction Thermal Converter

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