Measuring Visual Function in Diabetic Retinopathy: Progress in Basic and Clinical Research

Nasralah, Zeinab; Robinson, William F.; Jackson, Gregory R.; Barber, Alistair J.

doi:10.4172/2155-9570.1000306

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Visual evoked potential (VEP) is a noninvasive test that evaluates the visual pathways by recording the electric signal in response to a bright flash of light [86,87]. Changes of amplitudes and latencies in VEP reflects impairment in ganglion cells and optic nerve [88].…”

Section: Visual Evoked Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optic Nerve Changes in Diabetic Retinopathy

Victor¹

2019

Optic Nerve

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a devastating sight-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Besides damaging the vascular system of the retina, DM will also destruct the tissue surrounding the retina, including the optic nerve. DR impairs the optic nerve by damaging its conduction and integrity. There are few clinical manifestations of optic nerve changes in DR such as diabetic papillopathy, neovascularization of optic disc, and optic nerve atrophy. These involve metabolic alterations related to DM, production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), oxidative stress, and hemodynamic changes. Diagnostic tests including visual evoked potential (VEP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) can detect functional and structural changes. This finding is important as it may reflect the early loss of retinal ganglion cell axons. As the neuronal loss is irreversible, it is pivotal to be able to screen these nervous system changes in the early stage of DR and prevent further deterioration.

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Section: Visual Evoked Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onset of diabetes blood glucose control might affect the result of VEP [89]. In diabetic patients, VEP amplitude was reduced progressively with an increase of latency as the years pass [87]. Farisa et al showed that P100 latency was prolonged among diabetic patients compared to nondiabetic subjects [88].…”

Section: Visual Evoked Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic Nerve Changes in Diabetic Retinopathy

Victor¹

2019

Optic Nerve

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Additional measures of macular function beyond visual acuity

Ríos,

Lövestam-Adrian,

Plainis

et al. 2023

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose Visual function is a complex process in which external visual stimuli are interpreted. Patients with retinal diseases and prolonged follow-up times may experience changes in their visual function that are not detected by the standard visual acuity measure, as they are a result of other alterations in visual function. With the advancement of different methods to evaluate visual function, additional measurements have become available, and further standardization suggests that some methods may be promising for use in clinical trials or routine clinical practice. The objectives of this article are to review these additional measurements and to provide guidance on their application. Methods The Vision Academy’s membership of international retinal disease experts reviewed the literature and developed consensus recommendations for the application of additional measures of visual function in routine clinical practice or clinical trials. Results Measures such as low-luminance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, retinal fixation and microperimetry, and reading performance are measures which can complement visual acuity measurements to provide an assessment of overall visual function, including impact on patients’ quality of life. Measures such as dark adaptation, color vision testing, binocular vision testing, visual recognition testing, and shape discrimination require further optimization and validation before they can be implemented in everyday clinical practice. Conclusion Additional measurements of visual function may help identify patients who could benefit from earlier diagnosis, detection of disease progression, and therapeutic intervention. New and additional functional clinical trial endpoints are required to fully understand the early stages of macular disease, its progression, and the response to treatment.

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