Measurment of the Velocity at the Nares of the Olfactory Organ of Fishes with a Laser Velocimeter

Kux, Jürgen; Lammers, Gerd; Melinkat, Reinhard; Zeiske, E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-1668-9_25

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…A similar range of Reynolds numbers (0.09-0.9) may be obtained for the green swordtail from the data of Zeiske (1973) and Kux et al (1978Kux et al ( , 1988table 2); the latter range is likely to be an underestimate, however (appendix A.6.2 in the electronic supplementary material).…”

Section: Reynolds Number In the Olfactory Lumensupporting

confidence: 58%

“…3 Peak velocities of flow at the entrance to the anterior nostril of these chambers have been measured by laser Doppler velocimetry (Kux et al 1978). From the anatomical data of Zeiske (1973Zeiske ( , 1974 and Kux et al (1978Kux et al ( , 1988, one can estimate the cross-sectional areas of both the anterior nostril and the olfactory lumen, and then use the principle of continuity (Vogel 1994, pp. 32-34) to estimate the average velocity of flow in the olfactory lumen.…”

Section: Reynolds Number In the Olfactory Lumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these fishes, the olfactory chamber is ventilated primarily through the pumping action of a single accessory sac (Zeiske 1973(Zeiske , 1974; figure 8)-kinociliated non-sensory cells are absent from the chamber (Zeiske 1973, p. 6;Zeiske et al 1976). 3 Peak velocities of flow at the entrance to the anterior nostril of these chambers have been measured by laser Doppler velocimetry (Kux et al 1978). From the anatomical data of Zeiske (1973Zeiske ( , 1974 and Kux et al (1978Kux et al ( , 1988, one can estimate the cross-sectional areas of both the anterior nostril and the olfactory lumen, and then use the principle of continuity (Vogel 1994, pp.…”

Section: Reynolds Number In the Olfactory Lumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very little work has been done in this area. Indeed, there have been only two detailed studies: one by Kux et al (1977Kux et al ( , 1978Kux et al ( , 1988 and the other by Nevitt (1991). This article develops some ideas mentioned in passing in the literature, including the effect of boundary layers on fish olfaction, how external flows might be harnessed to assist in ventilating the olfactory organ and the nature of the flow over the sensory region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrodynamic aspects of fish olfaction

Cox

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Flow into and around the olfactory chamber of a fish determines how odorant from the fish's immediate environment is transported to the sensory surface (olfactory epithelium) lining the chamber. Diffusion times in water are long, even over comparatively short distances (millimetres). Therefore, transport from the external environment to the olfactory epithelium must be controlled by processes that rely on convection (i.e. the bulk flow of fluid). These include the beating of cilia lining the olfactory chamber and the relatively inexpensive pumping action of accessory sacs. Flow through the chamber may also be induced by an external flow. Flow over the olfactory epithelium appears to be laminar. Odorant transfer to the olfactory epithelium may be facilitated in several ways: if the olfactory organs are mounted on stalks that penetrate the boundary layer; by the steep velocity gradients generated by beating cilia; by devices that deflect flow into the olfactory chamber; by parallel arrays of olfactory lamellae; by mechanical agitation of the chamber (or olfactory stalks); and by vortices. Overall, however, our knowledge of the hydrodynamics of fish olfaction is far from complete. Several areas of future research are outlined.

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Section: Reynolds Number In the Olfactory Lumensupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Reynolds Number In the Olfactory Lumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reynolds Number In the Olfactory Lumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrodynamic aspects of fish olfaction

Cox

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…Currently there is only one detailed hydrodynamics study relating to the olfactory organ of a fish (Kux et al, 1977(Kux et al, , 1978(Kux et al, , 1988. This study concerned two fish from the order Cyprinodontiformes (Nelson 1994, p. 269).…”

Section: Previous Hydrodynamics Studies Of the Nasal Regions Of Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional morphology of the nasal region of a hammerhead shark

Abel

Maclaine

Cotton

et al. 2010

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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We describe several novel morphological features in the nasal region of the hammerhead shark Sphyrna tudes. Unlike the open, rounded incurrent nostril of non-hammerhead shark species, the incurrent nostril of S. tudes is a thin keyhole-like aperture. We discovered a groove running anterior and parallel to the incurrent nostril. This groove, dubbed the minor nasal groove to distinguish it from the larger, previously described, (major) nasal groove, is common to all eight hammerhead species. Using life-sized plastic models generated at 200 microm resolution from an X-ray scan, we also investigated flow in the nasal region. Even modest oncoming flow speeds stimulate extensive, but not complete, circulation within the model olfactory chamber, with flow passing through the two main olfactory channels. Flow crossed from one channel to another via a gap in the olfactory array, sometimes guided by the interlamellar channels. Major and minor nasal grooves, as well as directing flow into the olfactory chamber, can, in conjunction with the nasal bridge separating incurrent and excurrent nostrils, limit flow passing into the olfactory chamber, possibly to protect the delicate nasal structures. This is the first simulation of internal flow within the olfactory chamber of a shark.

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Do Fish Sniff? A New Mechanism of Olfactory Sampling in Pleuronectid Flounders

Nevitt

1991

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Although olfaction is known to be a highly developed sense in a variety of fishes, little information is available about behavioral mechanisms by which fishes sample the olfactory environment. This study was undertaken to assess the role of spontaneous jaw protrusion (‘coughing’) as a potential mechanism for olfactory sampling in pleuronectid flounders. Investigations were carried out using a combination of physiological, morphological and behavioral techniques. Physiological results show (1) that typical respirations are coupled to measurable olfactory sac pressure fluctuations and (2) that during a coughing event, water is rapidly sucked into the olfactory sac. Morphological results indicate (3) a direct linkage system between the protrusion apparatus and the olfactory or associated accessory sacs, and (4) that coughing is associated with a rapid expansion or stretching of these sacs. Lastly, behavioral studies demonstrate (5) that coughing rates increase significantly over background activity when flounders are presented with attractive food odorants. From these results, I propose that coughing in pleuronectid flounders represents a behavior truly analogous to sniffing in certain air-breathing organisms.

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Measurment of the Velocity at the Nares of the Olfactory Organ of Fishes with a Laser Velocimeter

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrodynamic aspects of fish olfaction

Hydrodynamic aspects of fish olfaction

Functional morphology of the nasal region of a hammerhead shark

Do Fish Sniff? A New Mechanism of Olfactory Sampling in Pleuronectid Flounders

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