This study aimed to determine the effects of humectants on moisture content,
water activity, tenderness, color, microbiological analysis, protein
denaturation, and oxidation of jerky. A thorough search for papers published in
scientific journals that examined the impacts of humectants on jerky was carried
out using Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Only 14
studies matched inclusion requirements. They were used in the meta-analysis to
synthesise quantitative findings. In the current investigation, jerky produced
with beef, poultry, goat, or pork was used. The standardised mean difference
(SMD) between treatments with humectants and controls was examined to
investigate the effects of humectants using random-effects models. Heterogeneity
was investigated using meta-regression. A subgroup analysis was carried out for
significant factors. Results revealed that the addition of humectants had no
significant impact on water activity, pH, fat, ash, CIE L*, or CIE a*
(p>0.05). However, humectant addition significantly increased moisture
(SMD=1.28, p<0.05), CIE b* (SMD=1.67, p<0.05), and
overall acceptability (SMD=1.73, p<0.05). It significantly
decreased metmyoglobin (SMD=–0.96, p<0.05), shear force
(SMD=–0.84, p<0.05), and protein (SMD=–1.61,
p<0.05). However, it was difficult to get a firm conclusion about how
humectants affected the myofibrillar fragmentation index, total plate count, and
2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances because there were fewer than ten
studies. To sum up, the proper use of humectants in jerky demands careful
attention to both type and quantity, needing a delicate balancing act with other
contributing factors.