Meat Tenderness Genetic and Genomic Variation Sources in Commercial Beef Cattle

Abstract

To assess genetic group (GGR; Bos indicus [Bi], Bos taurus [Bt] and crosses [BtxBi]) and to confirm the calpain (CAPN316 and CAPN4751) and calpastatin (CAST-T1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects on Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), 196 animals under commercial conditions were analyzed. A model was fitted including the effect of GGR and considering residuals as adjusted WBSF (aWBSF). Another model was fitted to evaluate the SNP effect on aWBSF. Allele substitution effect (α) and combined favorable alleles in CAPN and CAST on aWBSF were evaluated. GGR showed a significant effect (P < 0.0001) on WBSF; Bt and BtxBi had the lower WBSF. CAPN316 showed significant effect on aWBSF with an α = −0.549 kg. The combined effect of CAPN and CAST showed significant (P < 0.0056) reduction on aWBSF of 0.239 kg by favorable allele. The results remarked the importance of GGR and confirmed CAPN316 and combined effect of CAPN and CAST on prediction of meat tenderness. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSKnowledge of main factors related to tenderness, as a key related factor to beef consumer satisfaction, would serve as a resource for commercial beef classification and management under slaughterhouse conditions. Confirmation on combined marker effects provides strong validation for marker-assisted management use of these technologies under industry conditions. Additionally, the presented results may be used as a reference for research in the beef industry aimed to provide improvement on beef tenderness to the final product.

Association of SNP g.232 G>T Calpain Gene with Growth and Live Meat Quality Prediction using Ultrasound Images in Bali Cattle

“…A previous study has been reported that the 5'UTR region of CAPN1 gene was polymorphic in Bali cattle nevertheless quite low nucleotide diversities (Pi) of 0.00632 (Jakaria et al 2020). Previously, the role of CAPN gene has been reported that the u-calpain is the enzyme proteolysis, contributes to meat tenderness (Avilés et al 2013;Lozano et al 2016). The coding region of CAPN1 gene polymorphisms association with meat quality has been widely reported in cattle.…”

Differences in skeletal muscle proteolysis in Nellore and Angus cattle might be driven by Calpastatin activity and not the abundance of Calpain/Calpastatin

“…The calpain/calpastatin system consists of two calcium-requiring proteases known as μ -calpain (CAPN1) and m-calpain (CAPN2) and its inhibitor, calpastatin (CAST), with both playing an essential role in skeletal muscle apoptosis, protein turnover, myogenesis and metabolism (Campbell & Davies 2012). Recently, the calpain/calpastatin proteolytic systems have been investigated at mRNA level (Rubio Lozano et al 2016). However, the mRNA expression of genes does not always explain the differences in myofibrillar proteolysis in skeletal muscle of Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle (Giusti et al 2013).…”