Mechanical and biological evaluation of lattice structured hydroxyapatite scaffolds produced via stereolithography additive manufacturing

Kang, Jin-Ho; Sakthiabirami, Kumaresan; Jang, Kyoung-Jun; Jang, Jae-Gon; Oh, Gye-Jeong; Park, Chan; Fisher, John G.; Park, Sang-Won

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110372

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We noted that the measured density is slightly higher than the theoretical density, which can be attributed to the change of state of the material, i.e., the passage of the resin from a liquid state to a solid state. This tendency is reversed in the case of the two other processes where the densities measured for the PLA used by the FFF process and the PA12 used in SLS are, respectively, 1.09 g/cm 3 and 0.98 g/cm 3 after processing in comparison to 1.25 g/cm 3 and 1.02 g/cm 3 given by the data sheets. This slight diminution of the densities after printing can be attributed to the presence of porosity on the printed material.…”

Section: Mass Deviationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The density measured for the polymerized resin used by the SLA process is 1.17 g/cm 3 against a value announced by the data sheet of the order of 1.09 g/cm 3 . We noted that the measured density is slightly higher than the theoretical density, which can be attributed to the change of state of the material, i.e., the passage of the resin from a liquid state to a solid state.…”

Section: Mass Deviationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Compared to other architected materials, such as foams and honeycombs, lattice structures have a better flexibility with a controlled design allowing them to have high physical, thermal and mechanical properties. This is why they are widely used in various engineering applications such as energy absorption [2], thermal insulation [1] and in healthcare applications [3]. Moreover, these random structures can be generated with hybrid zones to increase their performance [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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X-ray Tomography Investigation of the Quality of Architected Structures Obtained with Additive Manufacturing Processes

Azouzi

Labbé

Marquet

et al. 2022

JMMP

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) appears to be the best candidate to manufacture random architected materials, as it offers significant freedom in the design of hollowed parts with complex geometry. However, when these structures are needed with thins walls and struts, AM processes may encounter difficulties in properly manufacturing these structures due to their capability limits. This study proposes to characterize the manufacturing of random architected structures to see firstly their fabricability and the capability of the additive manufacturing processes used, such as vat photopolymerization (Stereolithography process (SLA)), material extrusion (Fused Filament Fabrication process (FFF)) and powder bed fusion (Selective Laser Sintering process (SLS)) through tomographic, dimensional, and mass analysis. Several defects specific to each process were identified. A higher predominance of porosities, lack of printing and excess of material manifests as trapped or partially fused powder for SLS and angel hair for FFF. These defects strongly affect the dimensional and geometric accuracy of the struts and, thus, the final mass of the structure obtained with these two processes. The SLA process makes it possible to print thinner details of random architected structures with better material quality and good dimensional and geometric accuracy, under the conditions and protocol used in this study.

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Section: Mass Deviationsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Mass Deviationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

X-ray Tomography Investigation of the Quality of Architected Structures Obtained with Additive Manufacturing Processes

Azouzi

Labbé

Marquet

et al. 2022

JMMP

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“…The raw materials are costly because they depend on high-priced photosensitive materials [15]. Efforts have been made to reduce feedstock [200][201][202][203] Bone repair/tissue engineering Hydroxyapatite [204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216], TCP [217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228], Al 2 O 3 [229], biosilicate [230], baghdadite [231][232][233], wollastonite-diopside [234], Mgsubstituted wollastonite [235,236], hydroxyapatite+TCP [237][238][239][240][241][242], hydroxyapatite+akermanite [243], calcium phosphate+bioglass [54,…”

Section: Vat Photopolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the ceramic additive manufacturing technologies and availability of equipment and materials

2022

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Ceramic additive manufacturing allows the fabrication of small series of complex parts without the high costs of molds usually associated with traditional ceramic processing. Although research into ceramic 3D printing by all technologies started back in the 90s, its industrial application is still quite restricted when compared to polymers and metals, which is related to the limited availability and costs of equipment and materials for such applications. This review examined the advantages and limitations of each process (binder jetting, direct ink writing, directed energy deposition, fused deposition, material jetting, selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, and vat photopolymerization), discussing their particularities. It also summarized the commercially available 3D printers and raw materials for ceramic processing, pointing out to trends and challenges of each technology.

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“…The Hap scaffold with an octahedral pore shape (OS) showed a higher level of MC3T3-E1 cell attachment and proliferation compared to other types after 7 days of incubation. 241 Lim et al fabricated Hap/TCP scaffolds using the DLP technique with varying pore sizes using a DLP 3D printer. In another study, the binder jetting-printed Hap scaffold with 18 μm pore size and 50% porosity showed high vascularization rates within 4 weeks of implantation subcutaneously in male rats.…”

Section: Biocompatibility and Bioresorbability Studies On Additive Ma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Characteristics of 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Thangavel

Elsen

2022

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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This review focuses on the advancements in additive manufacturing techniques that are utilized for fabricating bioceramic scaffolds and their characterizations leading to bone tissue regeneration. Bioscaffolds are made by mimicking the human bone structure, material composition, and properties. Calcium phosphate apatite materials are the most commonly used scaffold materials as they closely resemble live bone in their inorganic composition. The functionally graded scaffolds are fabricated by utilizing the right choice of the 3D printing method and material combinations to achieve the requirement of the bioscaffold. To tailor the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the scaffold, certain materials are reinforced, doped, or coated to incorporate the functionality. The biomechanical loading conditions that involve flexion, torsion, and tension exerted on the implanted scaffold are discussed. The finite element analysis (FEA) technique is used to investigate the mechanical property of the scaffold before fabrication. This helps in reducing the actual number of samples used for testing. The FEA simulated results and the experimental result are compared. This review also highlights some of the challenges associated while processing the scaffold such as shrinkage, mechanical instability, cytotoxicity, and printability. In the end, the new materials that are evolved for tissue engineering applications are compiled and discussed.

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Mechanical and biological evaluation of lattice structured hydroxyapatite scaffolds produced via stereolithography additive manufacturing

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

X-ray Tomography Investigation of the Quality of Architected Structures Obtained with Additive Manufacturing Processes

X-ray Tomography Investigation of the Quality of Architected Structures Obtained with Additive Manufacturing Processes

A review on the ceramic additive manufacturing technologies and availability of equipment and materials

Review of Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Characteristics of 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

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