Mechanical and dimensional stability behaviours of alkali-treated calotropis gigantea fibre-reinforced bio-particles impregnated epoxy composites

Jeyapragash, R.; Srinivasan, V.; Sathiyamurthy, S.; Swaminathan, G.

doi:10.22581/muet1982.2202.10

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The introduction of additional FRs as GTR modifiers enhanced the mechanical performance of composites, which could be associated with the characteristics of the GTR modification process. The application of two roll mill involves significant shear forces acting on the material during mixing, which results in the compressing of solid particles onto GTR and the development of a specific surface area, which further strengthens interfacial interactions with the PU matrix [ 72 ]. A similar effect was observed in our previous work dealing with the application of GTR modified with zinc borate particles in a twin-screw extruder [ 68 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire-Retardant Flexible Foamed Polyurethane (PU)-Based Composites: Armed and Charmed Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) Particles

Kosmela,

Sałasińska,

Kowalkowska-Zedler

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Inadequate fire resistance of polymers raises questions about their advanced applications. Flexible polyurethane (PU) foams have myriad applications but inherently suffer from very high flammability. Because of the dependency of the ultimate properties (mechanical and damping performance) of PU foams on their cellular structure, reinforcement of PU with additives brings about further concerns. Though they are highly flammable and known for their environmental consequences, rubber wastes are desired from a circularity standpoint, which can also improve the mechanical properties of PU foams. In this work, melamine cyanurate (MC), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are used as well-known flame retardants (FRs) to develop highly fire-retardant ground tire rubber (GTR) particles for flexible PU foams. Analysis of the burning behavior of the resulting PU/GTR composites revealed that the armed GTR particles endowed PU with reduced flammability expressed by over 30% increase in limiting oxygen index, 50% drop in peak heat release rate, as well as reduced smoke generation. The Flame Retardancy Index (FRI) was used to classify and label PU/GTR composites such that the amount of GTR was found to be more important than that of FR type. The wide range of FRI (0.94–7.56), taking Poor to Good performance labels, was indicative of the sensitivity of flame retardancy to the hybridization of FR with GTR components, a feature of practicality. The results are promising for fire protection requirements in buildings; however, the flammability reduction was achieved at the expense of mechanical and thermal insulation performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire-Retardant Flexible Foamed Polyurethane (PU)-Based Composites: Armed and Charmed Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) Particles

Kosmela,

Sałasińska,

Kowalkowska-Zedler

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…This results in an increased effective surface area of the fiber, promoting better compatibility with the matrix. The treatment significantly enhances the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite [5,13].…”

Section: Chemical and Microwave Treatment Of The Calotropis Gigantea ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choice of CG fiber in this study is based on its abundant availability in India and its barely noticeable importance in vegetation [11]. Despite the fact that CG fiber has considerable reinforcing potential, only limited studies are available on CG fiber-reinforced composites, and even then, filler experiments [12,13] are seldom documented. Impregnation of fillers has emerged as a widely adopted technique for augmenting the thermomechanical properties of composite materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic Response of surface modified Calotropis Gigantea Fiber and Nelumbo nucifera filler hybrid composite

RAM,

Arjunan,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The present study used Calotropis Gigantea fiber, which has minuscule significance in vegetation value, and waste Nelumbo Nucifera filler for the production of polymer composites. The Calotropis gigantea yarn fiber is twisted into Two-Ply Yarn and subsequently woven into mats, the mat underwent both NaOH treatment and microwave irradiation in order to enhance their compatibility with epoxy. This work aims to examine the mechanical and dynamic properties of a hybrid composite material consisting of a Chemically and Microwave Treated Calotropis Gigantea (CMTCG) fiber combined with Nelumbo nucifera (NN) infills. The objective of this study is to investigate the possible improvement of the mechanical and dynamic characteristics of polymer composites by developing composite samples that include different weight proportions of NN fillers in CMTCG-reinforced Epoxy composites. The assessment of the mechanical properties of several combinations of CMTCG with NN infills was conducted utilizing established testing methodologies, including tensile, flexural, impact, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) to assess the viscoelastic nature of the composites. In addition to this, a Cole-Cole curve is plotted by utilizing the findings of the DMA to analyze the effect of particle impregnation and the anticipation of the heterogeneity of the composite material at different loadings of fillers. The current investigation revealed that a fiber loading of 10 weight percentages represented the optimal threshold, and any loading value resulted in a noticeable decline in all characteristics.

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“…The tensile, flexural, and impact test values of 64.3 MPa, 80.3 MPa, and 56.2 kJ/ m 2 were attained in Calotropis gigentea fiber-reinforced composites and find out the specimen with a fiber length of 100 mm and a fiber weight percentage of 40% had maximum flexural, tensile, and impact strength of 121.09 MPa,60.53 MPa, and 43.54 kJ/m 2 , respectively. 14,15 Generally increasing the filler content (graphene, calcium carbonate, and aluminum oxide) in the laminate, improved the material's flexural, tensile, and impact strength. This improves the strength of the composite and is the consequence of properly dispersing graphene throughout the matrix, it transfers a consistent load from resin to reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fiber stacking sequence on mechanical and morphological behavior of paddy straw/pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced ortho-laminated polyester hybrid composites

Sathiyamurthy¹,

Vinoth²,

Ananthi³

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

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The contemporary agricultural natural fiber is effectively used for fabricating composites because of its economical, ample availability, and biodegradability. In this way, the potential material for the reinforcement of hybrid (paddy straw and pineapple leaf) fiber- and ortho-laminated polyester composites was conducted. This research article is focused on the hybridization of untreated, treated, and paddy pulp fiber-reinforced polyester composite laminates. The unidirectional paddy straw fiber and pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) were used in the fabrication process of laminate using a compression molding machine with the mold dimensions of 300 × 300 × 5 mm is used and the investigation of mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, shear) behaviors are conducted in the samples as per the standard. Five samples were prepared by varying the fiber content in the matrix in which sample S1 pure polyester plate without any addition of reinforcement. Out of these five samples, sample 4 (S4) produced better tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, and shear values of 28 MPa, 61 MPa, 3.46 Joules, 64 HR L, and 68.7 MPa, respectively. Comparing the laminate samples of S1 and S4 there is a 35.2% increase in the tensile value of S4, similarly, other values also resulted in better hikes. In addition to that, the water absorption properties of the laminate were also evaluated and fiber breakage, fiber pullout, fiber orientation, crack propagation, and voids on the fractured specimens were identified with help of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Overall, the fabricated hybrid composite laminates were lightweight and has good fiber-matrix bonding with improved mechanical and morphological properties for commercial and home need applications.

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Mechanical and dimensional stability behaviours of alkali-treated calotropis gigantea fibre-reinforced bio-particles impregnated epoxy composites

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Fire-Retardant Flexible Foamed Polyurethane (PU)-Based Composites: Armed and Charmed Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) Particles

Fire-Retardant Flexible Foamed Polyurethane (PU)-Based Composites: Armed and Charmed Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) Particles

Intrinsic Response of surface modified Calotropis Gigantea Fiber and Nelumbo nucifera filler hybrid composite

The effect of fiber stacking sequence on mechanical and morphological behavior of paddy straw/pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced ortho-laminated polyester hybrid composites

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