“…The imaginary portion of this complex dielectric function is,
where ω = 2π ν is the angular frequency of an incoming photon; and e , r̂ and û are the electronic charge, radius vector, and polarization vector of the incident field, respectively; whereas, Ψ c k and Ψ v k represent the wave functions of the conduction band and valence band at k , respectively. Optical properties, such as absorption, conductivity, loss function.reflectivity, and refractive index can be calculated explicitly in terms of ε 1 and ε 2 85 as,
The charge-carrier recombination rate of specific materials used in solar cells is affected by a basic characteristic known as the dielectric function. 86,87 It provides a precise understanding of how optoelectronic devices function.…”