Mechanical and thermal characterization of an epoxy foam as thermal layer insulation for a glass fiber reinforced polymer

Cavasin, Matteo; Giannis, S.; Salvo, Milena; Casalegno, Valentina; Sangermano, Marco

doi:10.1002/app.46864

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, pure epoxy foams always present high brittleness and a high pulverization ratio when low density is required for oil pipelines applications, and are also not sufficient for oil pipelines under stringent thermal insulation. The prevailing technique to improve the capacity of polymer foam to inhibit heat transmission and maintain certain mechanical properties is to fabricate composites by introducing additional thermally insulated fillers or many interfaces into the final materials [9,10]. In theory, hollow microspheres (e.g., hollow glass spheres, hollow ceramic spheres, hollow plastic spheres) have distinct advantages, including a low thermal conductivity coefficient and low density, because they contain air or other gas inside [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Thermal Conductivity of Resin-Based Lightweight Composites Filled with Hollow Glass Microspheres

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Polymers

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The design and development of thermal insulation materials is very important for the treatment of offshore oil pipelines. Understanding thermal energy transport in thermal insulation materials and predicting their thermal conductivities have important theoretical and practical value for the design of thermal insulation materials. In this work, lightweight and thermally insulated (LWTI) composites with the desired mechanical strength for offshore oil pipelines applications were prepared using epoxy resin (EP) as the matrix and hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) as the filler. The morphology, density, and mechanical properties of HGM/EP LWTI composites were studied first. The flexural strength and the flexural modulus of HGM/EP LWTI composites could still be as high as 22.34 ± 2.75 Mpa and 1.34 ± 0.03 GPa, respectively, while the density was only 0.591 g/cm3. The relationship between the effective thermal conductivity of HGM/EP LWTI composites and material parameters (sizes and contents together) has been studied systematically. A three-phase prediction model was built using the self-consistent approximation method to predict the effective thermal conductivity of HGM/EP LWTI composites, and the resin matrix, the wall thickness, the HGM particle size, and other parameters (such as air) were fully considered during the derivation of this three-phase thermal conductivity model. Finally, the insulation mechanism of HGM/EP LWTI composites was systematically analyzed. The thermal conductivities of HGM/EP LWTI composites with different diameters and HGM contents calculated by the three-phase prediction model agreed well with the experimental test results, with a minimum error of only 0.69%. Thus, this three-phase thermal conductivity model can be used to theoretically simulate the thermal conductivity of epoxy resin-based LWTI composites and can be the theoretical basis for the design and prediction of the thermal conductivity of other similar hollow spheres filled materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Thermal Conductivity of Resin-Based Lightweight Composites Filled with Hollow Glass Microspheres

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…Mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials such as toughness, stiffness, and strength are significantly affected by the interface adhesion amongst the particle and polymer matrix, size/shape of the particle, and its loading [11,12,13,14,15]. These properties are of priority to the main structural analysis [16,17,18]. Different techniques and manufacturing processes for particulate polymer composites are reviewed in several publications and reports, such as a comprehensive study for calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) in [9] and for a number of 2D and 3D layered nanostructures in [19,20] or for dielectric heating purposes [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, the mechanical response of the bulk of CNP filled epoxy has been studied by focusing on the effects of morphological variation with increasing CNP content. The epoxy has been chosen as the matrix because of its superior mechanical properties; resistance to stresses (e.g., thermal), low viscosity which facilitates the dispersion of reinforcement; low shrinkage, improved adhesion to the targeted substrate, and degradation over time to name only a few [14,17,29]. The study has been performed in two micro- and macro-scales: Bulk and CNP reinforced specimens were manufactured and exposed to tension, compression, and nanoindentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Morphological Changes due to Increasing Carbon Nanoparticles Content on the Quasi-Static Mechanical Response of Epoxy Resin

Nezhad

Thakur

2018

Polymers

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Mechanical failure in epoxy polymer and composites leads them to commonly be referred to as inherently brittle due to the presence of polymerization-induced microcrack and microvoids, which are barriers to high-performance applications, e.g., in aerospace structures. Numerous studies have been carried out on epoxy’s strengthening and toughening via nanomaterial reinforcement, e.g., using rubber nanoparticles in the epoxy matrix of new composite aircraft. However, extremely cautious process and functionalization steps must be taken in order to achieve high-quality dispersion and bonding, the development of which is not keeping pace with large structures applications. In this article, we report our studies on the mechanical performance of an epoxy polymer reinforced with graphite carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), and the possible effects arising from a straightforward, rapid stir-mixing technique. The CNPs were embedded in a low viscosity epoxy resin, with the CNP weight percentage (wt %) being varied between 1% and 5%. Simplified stirring embedment was selected in the interests of industrial process facilitation, and functionalization was avoided to reduce the number of parameters involved in the study. Embedment conditions and timing were held constant for all wt %. The CNP filled epoxy resin was then injected into an aluminum mold and cured under vacuum conditions at 80 °C for 12 h. A series of test specimens were then extracted from the mold, and tested under uniaxial quasi-static tension, compression, and nanoindentation. Elementary mechanical properties including failure strain, hardness, strength, and modulus were measured. The mechanical performance was improved by the incorporation of 1 and 2 wt % of CNP but was degraded by 5 wt % CNP, mainly attributed to the morphological change, including re-agglomeration, with the increasing CNP wt %. This change strongly correlated with the mechanical response in the presence of CNP, and was the major governing mechanism leading to both mechanical improvement and degradation.

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“…Cavasin et al studied glass-fiber reinforced epoxy foams blown by PMH for thermal insulation. [246] Cheng et al expanded epoxy formulations with a polysilazane (PSN) compound instead of PMH. [247] The difference with PMH is the nature of the released gazes.…”

Section: Polycondensation Of Hydrosiloxanes and Aminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-foaming polymers: Opportunities for the next generation of personal protective equipment

Monie

Vidil

Grignard

et al. 2021

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

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Mechanical and thermal characterization of an epoxy foam as thermal layer insulation for a glass fiber reinforced polymer

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Investigation of the Thermal Conductivity of Resin-Based Lightweight Composites Filled with Hollow Glass Microspheres

Investigation of the Thermal Conductivity of Resin-Based Lightweight Composites Filled with Hollow Glass Microspheres

Effect of Morphological Changes due to Increasing Carbon Nanoparticles Content on the Quasi-Static Mechanical Response of Epoxy Resin

Self-foaming polymers: Opportunities for the next generation of personal protective equipment

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