Mechanical behavior of HSLA350/440 and DP350/600 steels at different temperatures and strain rates

Rebeyka, Claudimir José; Button, Sérgio Tonini; Lajarin, Sérgio Fernando; Marcondes, Paulo Victor Prestes

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/aac874

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The recorded initial and final temperatures of the samples are presented in the results section. For both steels, tensile tests were performed at four different temperatures, which was published in [27]. The aim was to obtain data that would be able to describe the mechanical behavior of the materials at the range of temperatures used in this study.…”

Section: Practical Experiments (Nakazima Method)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Temperature on the Forming Limits of High-Strength Low Alloy, and Dual-Phase Steels

Woellner,

Gipiela,

Lajarin

et al. 2023

JMMP

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High-strength steels (HSS) appear as a good alternative to common steels to reduce vehicle weight, thus reducing fuel consumption. Despite the excellent mechanical behavior towards its lower weight, its application in industry is still limited, as manufacturing such materials suffers from limitations, especially regarding formability. The literature shows springback to be the most common problem. Among the parameters that can be studied to minimize this problem, the temperature appears, according to the literature, to be one of the most influential parameters in minimizing springback. However, the consequence of the temperature increase on the forming limits of materials is not completely understood. This study proposes to determine the consequences of the use of the temperature rise technique in the forming limits of high-strength steels. Two different steels were studied (HSLA 350/440 and DP 350/600). To evaluate the formability, the Nakazima method was used (practical). Finite element models were made which describe the material as well as Nakazima experimental behavior. To predict the forming limit strains via the numerical method, the thickness gradient criterion was applied. The practical and computational results were compared to validate the finite element model. Four different temperature ranges were analyzed. In general, it was found that 400 °C has a negative impact on the forming limits of both steels. This negative effect was found to be due to the alloying elements, such as silicon and manganese, present in the alloy. These alloying elements take part in the increase and decrease in resistance coefficient at the elevated temperature. For HSLA 350/440 steel, the forming limit strain decreased with an increase in temperature up to 600 °C and then increased at 800 °C; whereas for DP 350/600 steel, the forming limit strain decreased till 400 °C and then increased for 600 °C and 800 °C. Another factor which might have contributed to the behavior of the DP steel is the interaction of hard martensite with soft ferrite phase.

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Section: Practical Experiments (Nakazima Method)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Temperature on the Forming Limits of High-Strength Low Alloy, and Dual-Phase Steels

Woellner,

Gipiela,

Lajarin

et al. 2023

JMMP

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“…After it is determined the material constants under different strains, a line search method is still used to determine the equivalent temperature T*. Therefore, it is established the relationship between the equivalent temperature T* and AARE, which is shown in Equation (31).…”

Section: Solving the Equivalent Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting T * = T in Equation 40 Based on a linear search, Equation (31) and Equation (34) is established:…”

Section: Establishing the Modified Hensel-spittel Constitutive Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…El Mehtedi et al [27] used the Hensel-Spittel equation to predict the flow stress of wrought aluminum alloys. Moreover, the Hensel-Spittel equation can be used to describe the relationship between strain, strain rates, temperatures and stress based on the 6061 aluminum alloy, the Mg-9Li-3Al-2Sr-2Y alloy, the TiAl-Mo alloys, HSLA350/440 and DP350/600 steels [28][29][30][31]. Moreover, based on the hot tensile deformation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, the Hensel-Spittel equation has a higher prediction accuracy than the strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constitutive Equations for Describing the Warm and Hot Deformation Behavior of 20Cr2Ni4A Alloy Steel

Wang

Zhai

et al. 2020

Metals

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Isothermal hot compression tests of 20Cr2Ni4A alloy steel were performed under temperatures of 973–1273 K and strain rates of 0.001–1 s−1. The behavior of the flow stress of 20Cr2Ni4A alloy steel at warm and hot temperatures is complicated because of the influence of the work hardening, the dynamic recovery, and the dynamic recrystallization. Four constitutive equations were used to predict the flow stress of 20Cr2Ni4A alloy steel, including the original strain-compensated Arrhenius-type (osA-type) equation, the new modified strain-compensated Arrhenius-type (msA-type) equation, the original Hensel–Spittel (oHS) equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel (mHS) equation. The msA-type and mHS are developed by revising the deformation temperatures, which can improve prediction accuracy. In addition, we propose a new method of solving the parameters by combining a linear search with multiple linear regression. The new solving method is used to establish the two modified constitutive equations instead of the traditional regression analysis. A comparison of the predicted values based on the four constitutive equations was performed via relative error, average absolute relative error (AARE) and the coefficient of determination (R2). These results show the msA-type and mHS equations are more accurate and efficient in terms of predicting the flow stress of the 20Cr2Ni4A steel at elevated temperature.

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“…Wei et al [ 28 ] used Hensel-Spittel equation to describe the hot deformation of Mg–9Li–3Al–2Sr–2Y under the whole compression process. Claudimir J et al [ 29 ] established the constitutive model of HSLA350/440 and DP350/600 steels based on the Hensel–Spittel equation. Flora et al [ 30 ] used the Hensel–Spittel equation to predict the flow stress of TiAl–Mo alloys at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4–DT Titanium Alloy

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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Isothermal hot compression tests of TC4–DT titanium alloy were performed under temperatures of 1203–1293 K and strain rates of 0.001–10 s−1. The purpose of this study is to develop a new high-precision modified constitutive model that can describe the deformation behavior of TC4–DT titanium alloy. Both the modified strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel equation were established by revising the strain rate. The parameters in the above two modified constitutive equation were solved by combining regression analysis with iterative methods, which was used instead on the traditional linear regression methods. In addition, both the original strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation and Hensel–Spittel equation were established to compare with the new modified constitutive equations. A comparison of the predicted values based on the four constitutive equations was performed via relative error, average absolute relative error (AARE) and the correlation coefficient (R). These results show the modified Arrhenius-type equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel equation is more accurate and efficient with a similar prediction accuracy. The AARE-value of the two modified constitutive equation is relatively low under various strain rates and their fluctuation is small as the strain rate changes.

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Mechanical behavior of HSLA350/440 and DP350/600 steels at different temperatures and strain rates

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of Temperature on the Forming Limits of High-Strength Low Alloy, and Dual-Phase Steels

Influence of Temperature on the Forming Limits of High-Strength Low Alloy, and Dual-Phase Steels

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Warm and Hot Deformation Behavior of 20Cr2Ni4A Alloy Steel

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4–DT Titanium Alloy

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