Mechanical Characteristics of Distributed Electric Wheel Loader in Shoveling Condition

Abstract

Multi-bridge centralized drive wheel loaders can produce parasitic power to waste energy and aggravate tire wear. Distributed Electric Wheel Loader(DEWL) is a new structure with two drive motors that can be controlled independently or in concert. Hence, this study investigates the mechanical characteristics of DEWL in its shoveling condition. Firstly, for the DEWL, dynamic models are established including running and shoveling conditions, on the basis of automobile theory. Secondly, a simplified structural model of DEWL is used to construct the mechanical equations, and the theoretical derivation is utilized to analyze the forces on wheels during different driving modes of running and shoveling conditions. Finally, the free shoveling of dry sands and gravel materials is tested by a ZL50GV-EV DEWL, and the drive forces of three drive modes on horizontal concrete pavement are tested. The results show that the parasitic power is generated when the driving motor has a larger speed than that of the other motor, which is caused by the movement of the loader's center of gravity. The driving torques generated by the motors are basically the same when the DEWL is in front-drive mode and rear-drive mode at the setting speed of 600rpm, whether it is running forward or backward, with a torque fluctuation of 0.16%-1.28% and a power fluctuation of 0.02%-1.29%. The DEWL consumes more power in dual-drive mode than in single drive if it is controlled in speed-target mode.

Design and Testing of Innovative Type of Dual-Motor Drive Electric Wheel Loader

“…The torque distribution control method is straightforward, evenly distributing torque to both front and rear motors during running and shoveling. Previous research has presented the acquired data and conducted characteristics analyses [21,22].…”

“…In previous research [21,22], the authors analyzed the drive characteristics of the EWL and designed a series of experiments of the EWL traveling in five position states of the front wheels of the loader.…”

Efficiency Comparison of Electric Wheel Loader Powertrains with Dual Motor Input in Distributed Driving Modes

“…For the EWL, the drive motor drives the vehicle during both stages of delivery and returning to the pile, which can be referred to as the running condition, where the drive motors contribute the main energy consumption of the WL. Tests have been conducted on the energy consumption of a dual-motor-driven loader in the running condition [33]. The results indicate that during the running condition, the rolling resistance moment that needs to be overcome by the drive motor is the same, whether it is driven by the front wheels alone or by the rear wheels alone, which depends on the total mass of the WL and the rolling resistance coefficient of the road surface.…”

Study on Solar Powered Electric Vehicle with Thermal Management Systems on the Electrical Device Performance

“…Research and development of electric cars does not only focus on aerodynamic aspects, but also concerns policy [13], competition with conventional vehicles [14]- [16], consumer acceptance [17], production [18], energy management [19]- [21], and the weaknesses of electric cars [22]. For example, an electric car requires a special place for charging its battery where the car must be stopped for a certain amount of time [23]- [25].…”