Mechanical characterization of homogeneous and hybrid beech-Corsican pine glue-laminated timber beams

Sciomenta, Martina; Spera, Luca; Peditto, Alfredo; Ciuffetelli, Edoardo; Savini, Francesco; Bedon, Chiara; Romagnoli, Manuela; Nocetti, Michela; Brunetti, Michele; Fragiacomo, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114450

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Because of increased utilisation of wood, prolonged service life of wooden products by applying sustainable and environment-friendly strategies will become a challenge of the highest importance. Further, also considering the need to exploit less durable species like beech for wood products in buildings, which have been attracting more and more interest in the bio-building sector in the last years (Sciomenta et al, 2021;Sciomenta et al, 2022), sustainable and biobased wood protection will be essential for the successful application of those species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils from Thymus spp. as natural biocide against common brown- and white-rot fungi in degradation of wood products: antifungal activity evaluation by in vitro and FTIR analysis

et al. 2023

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Use of wood products in bio-building is increasing because of the raw material´s sustainability and renewability. Degradation of wood by fungi is one of the most signi cant threats in the use of wooden structures. In the past, degradation was prevented by the application of wood preservatives or the use of durable tropical species. Therefore, wood preservation by fossil-based compounds and heavy metals is one of the major issues. This study evaluated the antifungal activity of four essential oils of thyme species (Thymus capitatus, Coridothymus capitatus, T. vulgaris and T. vulgaris Demeter) against two white-rot fungi (Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus) and two brown-rot fungi (Poria monticola and Gloeophyllum trabeum). The thyme varietieséssential oils differed in their chemical composition, with either carvacrol, thymol or p-cymene as major components. All four essential oils showed good antifungal activities, in which T. capitatus was the most toxic when applied against P. monticola (MIC of 0.05) and the most e cient inhibiting the growth of the other fungal strains. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to investigate fungal cell wall structure under control and stress conditions. The results are a further step towards more eco-friendly solutions for preserving less durable wood products more frequently used in bio-building.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils from Thymus spp. as natural biocide against common brown- and white-rot fungi in degradation of wood products: antifungal activity evaluation by in vitro and FTIR analysis

et al. 2023

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“…The interest in wood as the construction material of the future is steadily increasing not only because of its role in CO 2 sequestration into woody tissue but also because of the 50% reduction in a new building’s carbon footprint when concrete or steel is replaced by wood [ 1 ]. There are still obstacles for the general acceptance of wood-based buildings, which are related to the risk of degradation by wood-rot fungi, especially when considering less durable wood species such as beech, which is abundantly present in all of Europe and suitable for the bio-building sector [ 2 , 3 ]. Wood preservation is imperative to extend the service life of wood products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Nanoparticles with Entrapped Thymus spp. Essential Oils for the Control of Wood-Rot Fungi

et al. 2023

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After decades of utilization of fossil-based and environmentally hazardous compounds for wood preservation against fungal attack, there is a strong need to substitute those compounds with bio-based bioactive solutions, such as essential oils. In this work, lignin nanoparticles containing four essential oils from thyme species (Thymus capitatus, Coridothymus capitatus, T. vulgaris, and T. vulgaris Demeter) were applied as biocides in in vitro experiments to test their anti-fungal effect against two white-rot fungi (Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus) and two brown-rot fungi (Poria monticola and Gloeophyllum trabeum). Entrapment of essential oils provided a delayed release over a time frame of 7 days from the lignin carrier matrix and resulted in lower minimum inhibitory concentrations of the essential oils against the brown-rot fungi (0.30–0.60 mg/mL), while for the white-rot fungi, identical concentrations were determined compared with free essential oils (0.05–0.30 mg/mL). Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to assess the fungal cell wall changes in the presence of essential oils in the growth medium. The results regarding brown-rot fungi present a promising approach for a more effective and sustainable utilization of essential oils against this class of wood-rot fungi. In the case of white-rot fungi, lignin nanoparticles, as essential oils delivery vehicles, still need optimization in their efficacy.

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“…The strength class combinations used to qualify the raw material were D40 and rejects for beech and C20 and rejects for pine (EN 338 [41]). The outcomes are summarized in Table 1 [34]. Boards were planed to a thickness of 18 mm to guarantee the adequate planar surface necessary for the face gluing.…”

Section: ) Experimental Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The herein reported buckling tests are part of a wider experimental campaign [34,35] performed at the Laboratory of Structures, Tests and Materials of the University of L'Aquila (Italy), aiming to investigate the possible structural applications of two of the most interesting Italian broad-leaved and conifer timber species, namely beech and Corsican pine [36].…”

Section: ) Experimental Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growing interest on CLT for design purposes and its great mechanical properties, have led several authors to analyze deepen its mechanical characteristics as bending, tensile, shear, and compressive strength [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In terms of composition, literature studies mostly emphasized the potential and benefits of CLT panels made with wood species other than fir and spruce [16][17][18][19], and a minor attention has been spent for native hardwoods species such as beech, yellow-poplar and tropical hardwood (i.e. rubberwood, batai), which proved to offer an excellent mechanical behaviour and are available in European forests in a major abundance [20].…”

Section: ) Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical column buckling analysis of hardwood Cross Laminate Timber (CLT) panels

Sciomenta

Bedon

Fragiacomo

2022

Preprint

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This paper investigates the column buckling behaviour of three-layer Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) panels under compression, from both the experimental and numerical point of view. The main aim of present study is hence to define the expected load-bearing capacity for these composite CLT solutions, and to assess the typical fracture mechanism for two different series of specimens of possible technical interest for construction applications. To this aim, a total of 14 column buckling experiments is carried out. First, a set of 7 homogeneous speciemens (“HO” series), which are entirely made of beech, are investigated. Their load-bearing capacity is compared with the column buckling performance of 7 hybrid specimens (“HB” series), whose inner layers are made of Corsican pine. Overall, the experimental analysis gives evidence of a rather stable column buckling capacity for CLT panels, with evidence of major failure mode due to out-of-plane bending phenomenam, but also rolling shear and delamination. Finally, further assessment of experimental evidences is provided by extended analytical calculations (based on existing formulations, including the Eurocode 5 approach) and even Finite Element (FE) numerical analyses for the examined three-layer CLT compositions. Comparative results are discussed in terms of structural performance, capacity, weakness of analytical models for CLT solutions.

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Mechanical characterization of homogeneous and hybrid beech-Corsican pine glue-laminated timber beams

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Essential oils from Thymus spp. as natural biocide against common brown- and white-rot fungi in degradation of wood products: antifungal activity evaluation by in vitro and FTIR analysis

Essential oils from Thymus spp. as natural biocide against common brown- and white-rot fungi in degradation of wood products: antifungal activity evaluation by in vitro and FTIR analysis

Lignin Nanoparticles with Entrapped Thymus spp. Essential Oils for the Control of Wood-Rot Fungi

Experimental and numerical column buckling analysis of hardwood Cross Laminate Timber (CLT) panels

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