Mechanical characterization of timber from Spanish provenances of laricio pine according to European standards

Seco, Juan Ignacio Fernández-Golfín; Barra, M. Rafael Díez; Hermoso, Eva; García, Marta Conde

doi:10.1007/s00226-003-0215-3

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Therefore, trees with higher radial growth do not cause a negative outcome in terms of their mechanical performance. Similar results were previously reported by Fernández-Golfin et al (2004).…”

Section: Radial Mechanical Properties Of Woodsupporting

confidence: 93%

Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal

Fernandes¹,

Gaspar²,

Pires³

et al. 2017

iForest

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(4-5)The reduction of resinous species in Portuguese forest areas has caused constraints to wood industry supplies. Portugal represents the extreme southwest of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) natural distribution and large gaps exist in the knowledge of its wood-quality characteristics. Understanding the relationship between these traits is important for recognizing which combination of wood properties is the most suitable for specific uses. To address these questions, we assessed wood-quality traits, namely, wood-density components (microdensitometric analysis), chemical composition (NIR spectrometry) and mechanical properties (bending tests) of wood samples collected at five representative forest sites in Portugal. Our results showed that Portuguese Pinus sylvestris has good radial growth and denser wood, higher extractive content and higher stiffness and strength than northern European provenances. The lignin content was within the range attributed to softwoods. Among the Portuguese stands, trees growing at lower-altitude sites exhibited denser wood and higher mechanical properties, while trees from high-elevations showed higher amounts of lignin. Ring density was more strongly correlated with earlywood than latewood density. A negative, non-significant correlation was found between ring density and width, supporting the assumption that the higher radial growth (ring width) does not negatively affect wood quality (density). In general, chemical properties had a weak relationship with physical and mechanical properties (MOE and MOR). Both mechanical traits were positively correlated with density and growth components, supporting the assumption that trees with high radial growth do not exhibit poorer mechanical performances.

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Section: Radial Mechanical Properties Of Woodsupporting

confidence: 93%

Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal

Fernandes¹,

Gaspar²,

Pires³

et al. 2017

iForest

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“…nigra is widely used in the forestry industry due to its aptitude to grow in different environments, with suitable outcoming products (Üner et al 2009). Also, it is recognised for its mechanical strength for structural refurbishing and construction (Fernández-Golfín Seco et al 2004). Moreover, the main resinous species in Portugal used for industrial purposes, Pinus pinaster Ait., is reducing, increasing the timber demands and importation of raw material (Uva 2015) 2 Material and methods P. nigra allochthonous populations were planted mainly in high altitude mountains in the North and Centre of Portugal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, chemical and mechanical wood properties of Pinus nigra growing in Portugal

Dias

Carvalho

Silva

et al. 2020

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message The wood of Pinus nigra populations planted in Portugal, comparatively to Pinus pinaster, has higher total extractive content, lower Klason lignin and H/G ratio, and similar mechanical properties, presenting advantages for industrial purposes. & Context P. nigra was used in the reforestation of mountainous areas in Portugal, but its wood chemical and mechanical properties were never studied. & Aims This work intends to evaluate the chemical and mechanical wood properties of the P. nigra populations planted in Portugal, to relate these properties with previously characterised physical features and to compare these data with other European P. nigra stands and species, namely, P. pinaster. & Methods Wood chemical and mechanical properties were analysed in 90 trees from six Portuguese sites, using near-infrared (NIR) spectrometry and the three-point bending test. & Results The wood of the P. nigra populations planted in Portugal presented average values of total extractive content = 9.4%, Klason lignin = 26.69%, MOR Rad = 14.93 MPa and MOE Rad = 1200.98 MPa. Ring density showed no significant correlation with ring width. & Conclusion The P. nigra populations planted in Portugal presented qualitative and quantitative properties similar to P. pinaster wood, the main resinous species in Portugal. Facing the lack of raw material for wood industry due to frequent forest fires in the Mediterranean region, P. nigra could be used to reforest mountainous areas of those regions.

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“…Moreover, at this age, the growth rates in height and volume are still elevated in our trees, and they can hardly be considered mature for logging even on the southern sites of the species distribution. Actually, there is increasing evidence that the growth rate has less influence on the mechanical strength than the quality of the site where the trees live (Fernandez-Golfin Seco and Diez Barra 1996;Fernandez-Golfin Seco et al 2004;Oliva et al 2006). …”

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confidence: 99%

Growth and basic wood properties of black spruce along an alti-latitudinal gradient in Quebec, Canada

Rossi

Cairo

Krause

et al. 2014

Annals of Forest Science

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Executive summary: Northern stands are expected to produce wood with higher quality, making these areas attractive for the forest industry. This hypothesis was not be accepted by the analysis. Thus, the reduction in growth would not be compensated by increases in basic properties of wood. ABSTRACTContext Canadian forest industry is turning its interest towards the unmanaged areas at higher latitudes, where the forest resource is still poorly understood because of its lack of accessibility. Despite a lower productivity in terms of volume, northern stands are expected to produce wood with higher quality, which may make these areas attractive for production and management.Aims To test hypothesis that trees of high latitudes produce wood of better basic wood properties than trees of lower latitudes.Methods Growth and wood characteristics were assessed according to cambial age in 25 black spruce (Picea mariana) trees from five sites located along an alti-latitudinal gradient in Quebec.Results Sites of highest latitudes and altitudes exhibited slower growth rates and lower stem volume. Wood density and mechanical properties were higher in the sites located at the lower latitudes or altitudes. Fiber size had higher values in southern sites, but only at younger ages. Principal component analysis confirmed these results, with the northernmost site being the one where growth, density and mechanical properties were generally lowest. ConclusionThe reduction in growth was not be compensated by increases in the basic properties of wood. More extensive samplings are needed to validate the results at larger scale.Keywords: boreal forest, cambial age, fibre length, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, wood density. 2 INTRODUCTIONIn Canada, management of the boreal forest exhibits a marked latitudinal gradient because of the inaccessibility and remoteness of the northern stands. Forest management practices have historically been focussed in the south, close to the densely inhabited part of the country, where logistical problems and requirements for new infrastructure are minor, and productivity in terms of growth is generally higher. Nowadays, logging activities are gradually moving towards more remote areas at higher latitudes. In Quebec, a northern boundary to the commercial forest has been established between the 51 st and 52 nd parallels according to criteria of preservation of biodiversity, physical and climatic constraints, forest fire recurrence and productivity (Ministère des Ressources Naturelles 2000). This administrative boundary has excluded a huge part of the northern territory and reduced the possibility of benefitting from the productive potential offered by 25% of the closed boreal forest in Quebec. The boreal forest is extensively studied within the zone between the 49 th and 51 st parallels, its major managed area (Lussier et al. 2002). Consequently, the boundary was set despite very scarce knowledge about the dynamics and productivity of the remote and inaccessible northern stands. As long as the growth,...

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Mechanical characterization of timber from Spanish provenances of laricio pine according to European standards

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal

Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal

Physical, chemical and mechanical wood properties of Pinus nigra growing in Portugal

Growth and basic wood properties of black spruce along an alti-latitudinal gradient in Quebec, Canada

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