Mechanical characterization of wire arc additive manufactured and cast Inconel 825: A comparative study

Senthil, T.; Puviyarasan, M.; Babu, S. Ramesh; Subramanian, S.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.096

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The microstructure of the as-deposited Inconel 825 specimen can be observed with an optical microscope (figure 2(a)). The micrograph depicts two distinct types of cellular-dendritic microstructures: continuous cellular-dendritic and discontinuous cellular-dendritic [46]. The optical micrograph (figure 2(b)) of the SS316L sample as it was deposited shows that delta-ferrite is present among the primary austenitic gamma-dendrites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitting corrosion studies on functionally graded Inconel 825-SS316L wall manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing

Senthil

Babu

Puviyarasan³

et al. 2022

Eng. Res. Express

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This research article addresses the pitting corrosion resistance of FGM walls fabricated by the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). The wall is created by layer-by-layer transfer of molten metal in an uninterrupted manner with little heat input using the CMT process. Pitting corrosion tests were carried out as per the ASTM G48-11 standard on the specimens extracted from Inconel 825, FGM interfaces, and SS316L regions of the wall. The specimens were immersed in the ferric chloride hexahydrate solution for 24, 48, and 72 h. It was found that the FGM interface and the specimens made of Inconel 825 were more resistant to corrosion than the SS316L specimens. The weight loss is measured as 0.462 g, 0.1087 g, and 0.1349 g for the SS316L, FGM interface, and Inconel 825 specimens, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to analyze the corrosion products at the corrosion pit. The order of the pitting corrosion resistance of the specimens extracted from the FGM wall was: FGM interface > Inconel 825 > SS316L.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitting corrosion studies on functionally graded Inconel 825-SS316L wall manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing

Senthil

Babu

Puviyarasan³

et al. 2022

Eng. Res. Express

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“…In this process, Inconel wire was melted by the electrode arc, then deposited over the layer that preceded them. To prevent oxidation of the melt pool at high temperatures due to atmospheric conditions, argon gas was flowed at a rate of 12 l min −1 [25,31] as a shielding gas. A TIG electrode of 3 mm diameter, torch angle of 90°with a stand-off distance of 5 mm was employed in this work.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 wall fabricated by GTAW-based WAAM using stringer bead and circular weave pattern

Akash,

Puviyarasan,

Senthil

et al. 2023

Eng. Res. Express

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In this work, Inconel 625 alloy was used to manufacture walls using the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technology, which is based on Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). The wall was fabricated using a circular weave and stringer bead pattern. Microstructural analysis and tensile characteristics were evaluated for both walls. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and elemental mapping, the fracture zones of the tensile specimens were examined. The microstructure is mostly made up of equiaxed dendrites, with the rare presence of continuous and discontinuous cellular dendrites along the cross-section. In tensile tests, circular weaved walls performed better than stringer bead walls. The circular weave specimen had an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 762 MPa in the horizontal and 722 MPa in the vertical orientations. Also, the Inconel 625 wall showed anisotropic behavior (5.3%) during tensile testing. The fracture morphology analysis revealed that all the specimens were fractured as a result of large plastic deformation, corresponding to ductile failure. Based on the EDS results, the fracture zone mainly consists of Ni and Cr with a small percentage of Nb and Mo. The absence of laves phases makes the fracture mode ductile. The elemental mapping shows uniform dispersion of Ni and Cr within the fracture region, further supporting the ductile failure mode.

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“…Solidification cracking can occur during the fusion welding of these two materials. The cold metal transfer (CMT)–based WAAM process can be used to avoid this problem 12 . The CMT process is a modified gas metal arc welding process that was developed in 2004 by Fronius International, Austria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, microstructural and fracture studies on inconel 825–SS316L functionally graded wall fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing

Senthil

Babu

Puviyarasan

2023

Sci Rep

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This paper presents a novel method that uses the cold metal transfer based wire arc additive manufacturing process to fabricate functionally graded Inconel 825–SS316L walls. The optical micrograph of Inconel 825 exhibits continuous and discontinuous dendritic structures. The SS316L region comprises 5% of δ-ferrite in primary austenitic (γ) dendrites which was confirmed by the Creq/Nieq ratio of 1.305. The functionally graded interface reveals a partially mixed zone with a transition from the elongated dendrites to fine equiaxed dendrites. The tensile properties of the fabricated wall were determined at room temperature using specimens extracted from Inconel 825, SS316L, and the interface regions. The morphology of the tensile tested specimens revealed significant plastic deformation, indicating ductile failure. The fracture toughness of the wall was experimentally investigated by employing the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) test. The fracture morphology exhibited a ductile mode of fracture with striations perpendicular to the direction of crack development. Elemental mapping revealed that there was no evidence of elemental segregation on the fractured surfaces, and the elements were uniformly dispersed. The CTOD measures 0.853 mm, 0.873 mm on the Inconel 825 side and the SS316L side respectively. The test results confirm that both the Inconel 825 and SS316L sides have good fracture toughness.

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Mechanical characterization of wire arc additive manufactured and cast Inconel 825: A comparative study

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Pitting corrosion studies on functionally graded Inconel 825-SS316L wall manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing

Pitting corrosion studies on functionally graded Inconel 825-SS316L wall manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 wall fabricated by GTAW-based WAAM using stringer bead and circular weave pattern

Mechanical, microstructural and fracture studies on inconel 825–SS316L functionally graded wall fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing

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