Mechanical degradation of glass fibers during compounding with polypropylene

Fisa, B.

doi:10.1002/pc.750060408

Cited by 85 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is well known that the processing of glass fibres into injection moulded composites leads to large reductions in the fibre length (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Figure 6 shows the weight average residual fibre length (L w ) versus fibre concentration.…”

Section: Fibre Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The properties of thermoplastic composites result from a combination of the fibre and matrix properties and the ability to transfer stresses across the fibre-matrix interface. Variables such as the fibre content, aspect ratio, strength, orientation and the interfacial strength are of prime importance to the final balance of properties exhibited by injection moulded thermoplastic composites (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Fibre strength may be reduced significantly after fibre formation by damage caused during both the fibre and composite production processes (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micromechanical parameters from macromechanical measurements on glass reinforced polypropylene

Thomason¹

2002

Composites Science and Technology

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In recent years many elegant techniques have been developed for the quantification of composite micromechanical parameters. Unfortunately most of these techniques have found little enthusiastic support in the industrial product development environment. We have developed an improved method for obtaining the micromechanical parameters, interfacial shear strength, fibre orientation factor, and fibre stress at composite failure using input data from macromechanical tests. In this paper we explore this method through its application to injection moulded glass-fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites. We have measured the mechanical properties and residual fibre length distributions of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene containing different levels of glass fibre. The level of fibre-matrix interaction in these composites was varied by the addition of maleic anhydride modified polypropylene "coupling agent". This data was used as input for the model. The trends observed for the resultant micromechanical parameters obtained by this method were in good agreement with values obtained by other methods. Given the wealth of microstructural information obtained from this macroscopic analysis and the low level of resources employed to obtain the data we believe that this method deserves further investigation as a screening tool in composite system development programmes.

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Section: Fibre Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromechanical parameters from macromechanical measurements on glass reinforced polypropylene

Thomason¹

2002

Composites Science and Technology

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“…A serious reduction in tensile strength and modulus has been reported for many polymers and their composites in the presence of cold weldlines (e.g. : [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]). In general, the presence of a weldline reduces tensile strength by up to 60% and tensile modulus by up to 40% depending on the polymer, the characteristic features of the reinforcing filler and the processing conditions being used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties, however, are affected by a number of parameters, such as the fibre content, fibre length, fibre orientation and the degree of interfacial adhesion between the fibre and the matrix (e.g. : [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]). However, as most short fibre composites are fabricated by an injection moulding process, the presence of weldlines is a major design concern as weldlines could lead to a considerable reduction in mechanical properties and because of this designers often need to incorporate liberal safety factors in design analysis to compensate for this weakness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal effects on weld and unweld tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre reinforced ABS composites

Hashemi

2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The effect of temperature on weldline properties of injection moulded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) reinforced with short glass fibres was investigated in tension between 25 and 100°C. Tensile modulus of both weld and unweld specimens increased linearly with increasing fibre concentration and decreased linearly with increasing temperature. It was found that the presence of weldline had no significant effect upon tensile modulus and this was reflected by weldline integrity factors in the range 0.98 to 0.95. Tensile strength of both weld and unweld tensile specimens increased nonlinearly with increasing fibre concentration and in the case of weldline specimens showed a maximum at fibre concentration of approximately 10% v/v. A linear dependence with respect to volume fraction of fibres was found for specimens without weldline for fibre concentrations in the range 0-10% v/v. The weldline integrity factor for tensile strength decreased significantly with increasing fibre concentration and increased with increasing temperature. The effect of temperature on tensile modulus and strength was satisfactorily modelled using the Kitagawa power law relationship. Vol.1, No.10 (2007) [688][689][690][691][692][693][694][695][696][697] Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2007.94 being used. For example, whilst addition of spherical shaped fillers (e.g. glass spheres) has shown to have little effect upon tensile strength of injection moulded thermoplastics with weldlines, addition of cylindrical shaped fillers (e.g. short fibres) has led to a considerable reduction in weldline strength due to the alignment of the fibres parallel to the weldline. The processing conditions such as melt temperature, injection speed and mould temperature could also play an important role in determining the integrity of the welded components and many studies have addressed this issue for both amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers (e.g.: [10,11,14])]. However, whilst the majority of weldline studies have been conducted at room temperature, very few have examined the integrity of weldlines at elevated temperatures, particularly in short fibre composite systems [3][4][5]. To this end, the present work was undertaken to examine the effect of temperature on tensile properties of ABS and its short glass fibre composites in the presence of weldline. Keywords: polymer composites, weldline, temperature eXPRESS Polymer Letters Experimental MaterialsOwens Corning chopped E-glass fibres of initial length and diameter of 4.0 mm and 10 μm, respectively was used as the reinforcing filler for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) copolymer received from BAYER. The ABS and the short glass fibres were compounded to produce a series of composites with nominal glass contents of 10, 20 and 30% w/w. CompoundingABS and the short glass fibres were at first dry blended to the desired glass contents of 10, 20 and 30% w/w. After drying in an oven at 80°C for 4 hours the melt compounding of ABS composites was carri...

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“…These properties, however, are affected by a number of parameters, such as the concentration of the filler, geometrical shape and the aspect ratio of filler and the degree of interfacial adhesion between the filler and the matrix [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. For example, whist addition of short fibres to polymers matrices enhances strength, addition of spherical shaped particles (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre and glass bead filled ABS hybrids

Hashemi¹

2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The present study investigated the effect of temperature on tensile strength and modulus of injection moulded ABS polymer reinforced with both short fibres (GF) and spherical glass beads (GB) over the temperature range 25 to 100°C. Tensile strength, σh and modulus, Eh, of ABS/GF/GB hybrids increased as volume fraction of the total glass in the hybrids increased. A linear increase in σh and Eh was found with increasing the hybrid ratio of the glass fibre, χf, over the entire temperature range studied. Results indicated that the tensile properties of the ABS/GF/GB hybrid composites at any temperature, T, can be estimated from the rule-of-hybrid-mixtures of the form Ph = Pcfχf + Pcb(1 -χf) where Pcf and Pcb are the tensile properties of the ABS/GF and ABS/GB composites at temperature T, respectively. It was found also that σh and Eh both decrease with increasing temperature in a linear manner. The rate at which σh and Eh decreased with temperature was dependent upon the hybrid ratio of the glass fibre, χf, and the total concentration of the glass in the hybrids.

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Mechanical degradation of glass fibers during compounding with polypropylene

Cited by 85 publications

References 9 publications

Micromechanical parameters from macromechanical measurements on glass reinforced polypropylene

Micromechanical parameters from macromechanical measurements on glass reinforced polypropylene

Thermal effects on weld and unweld tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre reinforced ABS composites

Effect of temperature on tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre and glass bead filled ABS hybrids

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