Mechanical Delivery of Aerosolized Gadolinium-DTPA for Pulmonary Ventilation Assessment in MR Imaging

Haage, Patrick; Adam, Gerhard; Karaagac, Süleyman; Pfeffer, Joachim; Glowinski, A.; Dohmen, Serge E.; Günther, Rolf W.

doi:10.1097/00004424-200104000-00007

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…There was progressive increase in SI over time. These results are comparable to those reported in ventilated animal and human adults in whom variable increases in SI over the lungs have been reported at 10 -30 min (ranging from 22 to 216%) (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)30). The greater variability in SI changes over the left lung compared with the right reflects difficulty in accurately measuring SI because a large portion of the left hemithorax is occupied by the heart.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In this report, we have used aerosolized Gd-DTPA as a paramagnetic contrast agent. Physicochemical properties and aerosol particle size have been previously characterized for Gd-DTPA (11,12). The aerosol particle size for both PGE 1 and Gd-DTPA favors alveolar deposition; therefore, these results predict pulmonary drug deposition for PGE 1 following jet nebulization in a neonatal ventilator circuit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Despite the fact that these factors would have decreased aerosol delivery to the animal, we were able to demonstrate effective pulmonary aerosol delivery. Although precautions were taken to be consistent in delivering breaths of similar duration and inspiratory pressure, an MR compatible mechanical ventilator may have allowed greater consistency in ventilation thus decreasing regional SI differences (12). The subjects of this study were heavily sedated to avoid motion artifacts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

et al. 2008

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Pulmonary deposition of inhaled drugs in ventilated neonates has not been studied in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate pulmonary delivery of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) following nebulization in ventilated piglets using magnetic resonance imaging. Seven ventilated piglets (5 Ϯ 2 d old, weight 1.8 Ϯ 0.5 kg) were scanned in the Bruker/Siemens 4T magnetic resonance scanner using T1 weighted spin-echo sequence. Aerosols of Gd-DTPA were generated continuously using the MiniHeart jet nebulizer. Breath-hold coronal images were obtained before and every 10 min during aerosolized Gd-DTPA for 90 min. Signal intensity (SI) changes over the lungs, kidneys, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart were evaluated. A significant increase in SI was observed in the lungs, kidney, and liver at 10, 20, and 40 min respectively after start of aerosol. At the end of 90 min, the SI increased by 95%, 101%, and 426% over the right lung, left lung, and kidney, respectively. A much smaller increase in SI was observed over the liver. In conclusion, we have demonstrated effective pulmonary aerosol delivery within 10 min of contrast nebulization in ventilated piglets. Contrast visualization in the kidneys within 20 min of aerosol initiation reflects alveolar absorption, glomerular filtration and renal concentration. (Pediatr Res 64: 159-164, 2008)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

et al. 2008

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“…Some pertain to the study of intrapulmonary deposition of aerosols (Kay et al, 1986;Haage et al, 2001). Other investigations examined topics such as pulmonary gas exchange and immunization and pharmacokinetics efficacy related to drug delivery by aerosol (Altemeier et al, 1998;Goldstein et al, 2002;Agerso et al, 1998;Loftager et al, 1993;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Deposition of AerosolizedBacillus Atrophaeusin a Swine Model Due to Exposure from a Simulated Anthrax Letter Incident

Duncan¹,

Kournikakis²,

Ho³

et al. 2009

Inhalation Toxicology

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Dry anthrax spore powder is readily disseminated as an aerosol and it is possible that passive dispersion when opening a letter containing anthrax spores may result in lethal doses to humans. The specific aim of this study was to quantify the respirable aerosol hazard associated with opening an envelope/letter contaminated with a dry spore powder of the biological pathogen anthrax in a typical office environment. An envelope containing a letter contaminated with 1.0 g of dry Bacillus atrophaeus (BG) spores (pathogen simulant) was opened in the presence of an unrestrained swine model. Aerosolized spores were detected in the room in seconds and peak concentrations occurred by three minutes. The swine, located approximately 1.5 m from the source, was exposed to the aerosol for 28 min following the letter opening event and then moved to a clean room for 30 min. A necropsy was completed to determine the extent of in vivo spore deposition in the lungs. The median number of viable colony forming units (CFU) measured in the combined right and left lung was 21,200: the average mass of both lungs was 283 g. In excess of 100 CFU per gram of lung tissue was found at sites within the anterior, intermediate and posterior lobes. The results of this study confirmed that opening an envelope containing spores generated an aerosol spanning the respirable particle size range of 1-10 µm, and that normal respiration of swine led to spore deposition throughout the lungs. The observed deposition of spores in the lungs of the swine is within the LD 50 range of 2,500-55,000 estimated for humans for inhaled anthrax. Thus, there would appear to be a significant health risk to those individuals exposed to anthrax spores when opening a contaminated envelope.

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging is a widely used and powerful imaging technique devoid of ionizing radiation [6,7,8,9]. Inhaled contrast agents offer the opportunity to obtain functional information depending on the intrapulmonary distribution of the agent as opposed to morphologic information at non-contrast MRI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3He-MRI in follow-up of lung transplant recipients

Gast¹,

Zaporozhan²,

Ley³

et al. 2003

Eur Radiol

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible contribution of (3)He-MRI to detect obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) in the follow-up of lung transplant recipients. Nine single- and double-lung transplanted patients were studied by an initial and a follow-up (3)He-MRI study. Images were evaluated subjectively by estimation of ventilation defect area and quantitatively by individually adapted threshold segmentation and subsequent calculation of ventilated lung volume. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) was diagnosed using pulmonary function tests. At (3)He-MRI, OB was suspected if ventilated lung volume had decreased by 10% or more at the follow-up MRI study compared with the initial study. General accordance between pulmonary function testing and (3)He-MRI was good, although subjective evaluation of (3)He-MRI underestimated improvement in ventilation as obtained by pulmonary function tests. The (3)He-MRI indicated OB in 6 cases. According to pulmonary function tests, BOS was diagnosed in 5 cases. All diagnoses of BOS were also detected by (3)He-MRI. In 2 of these 5 cases, (3)He-MRI indicated OB earlier than pulmonary function tests. The results support the hypothesis that (3)He-MRI may be sensitive for early detection of OB and emphasize the need for larger prospective follow-up studies.

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Mechanical Delivery of Aerosolized Gadolinium-DTPA for Pulmonary Ventilation Assessment in MR Imaging

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

Pulmonary Deposition of AerosolizedBacillus Atrophaeusin a Swine Model Due to Exposure from a Simulated Anthrax Letter Incident

3He-MRI in follow-up of lung transplant recipients

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