Mechanical energy harvesters with tensile efficiency of 17.4% and torsional efficiency of 22.4% based on homochirally plied carbon nanotube yarns

Zhang, Mengmeng; Cai, Wei; Wang, Zhong; Fang, Shaoli; Zhang, Runyu; Lu, Hongbing; Aliev, Ali E.; Zakhidov, Anvar; Huynh, Chi; Gao, Enlai; Oh, Jiyoung; Moon, Ji Hwan; Park, Jong Woo; Kim, Seon Jeong; Baughman, Ray H.

doi:10.1038/s41560-022-01191-7

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Because of the inherent softness of the fleece structure, the mechanical input stress required to drive the SWCNT/wool energy harvester is approximately 15,000 times lower than that of other chemo-mechanical energy harvesters. As a result, the proposed SWCNT/wool energy harvester achieved the highest SCC to input stress ratio (> 10 2 ) among chemo-mechanical energy harvesters reported so far 4,7,8,31 (Figure 2f). Such extremely sensitive responsiveness to mechanical loads is an important factor in ensuring the operation of the harvester even with small external forces, maximizing its operability in real environments.…”

Section: Electrochemical Performance Of the Swcnt/ Wool Energymentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The development direction of such energy harvesters has been focused on maximizing output power while minimizing performance drop by repeated cycles. Representative achievements include the introduction of the plied structure for increasing the maximum output to 1475 W/kg 8 and the noncontact working mode method, which maintains 96% of output even in repeated cycles of 120,000 times. 9 However, the underwater mechanical energy harvesters developed so far have a major limitation in that they only accept external mechanical force in one direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omnidirectional Energy Harvesting Fleeces

Park

Goh

Kim

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Underwater mechanical energy harvesters are of rising interest due to their potential for various applications, such as self-powered ocean energy harvesters, monitoring devices, and wave sensors. Pressure-responsive films and stretch-responsive fibers, which provide high electrical power in electrolytes and have simple structures that do not require packing systems, are promising as harvesters in the ocean environment. One drawback of underwater mechanical energy harvesters is that they are highly dependent on the direction of receiving external forces, which is unfavorable in environments where the direction of the supplied force is constantly changing. Here, we report spherical fleece, consisting of wool fibers and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), which exhibit repetitive electrical currents in all directions. No matter which direction the fleece is deformed, it changes the surface area available for ions to access SWCNTs electrochemically, causing a piezoionic phenomenon. The current per input mechanical stress of the fabricated SWCNT/wool energy harvester is up to 33.476 mA/MPa, which is the highest among underwater mechanical energy harvesters reported to date. In particular, it is suitable for low-frequency (<1 Hz) environments, making it ideal for utilizing natural forces such as wind and waves as harvesting sources. The operating mechanism in the nanoscale region of the proposed fleece harvester has been theoretically elucidated through all-atom molecular dynamics simulations.

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Section: Electrochemical Performance Of the Swcnt/ Wool Energymentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omnidirectional Energy Harvesting Fleeces

Park

Goh

Kim

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Based on the results, it can be estimated that a series connection of approximately 50 TECs with Δ T = 30 °C can produce a voltage of 2 V, which is sufficient to power an LED. Moreover, using a passive boost circuit, TEC modules can power commercial electronic devices that require a higher voltage than that required by LEDs. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, using a passive boost circuit, TEC modules can power commercial electronic devices that require a higher voltage than that required by LEDs. 3,42 3.2. Performance Test for the WC x -Based TECs.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Wcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Electron Transfers of Non-Noble-Metal Tungsten Carbide Electrodes for Aqueous Thermo-Electrochemical Cells in Neutral Media

Jung

Lee

Kwon

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Thermo-electrochemical cells (TECs) are attracting significant attention because of their ability to harvest waste heat energy. They are considered suitable replacements for thermoelectric devices because of their flexibility, simple structure, and high stability. However, the extensive application of TECs is limited by the high cost of their constituent materials, such as nanostructured carbon or Pt electrodes. In this study, a highly active tungsten carbide (WC x ) electrode was employed as a substitute for Pt and nanostructured carbon-based electrodes in a TEC. This non-noble-metal electrode delivered an outstanding power output of 1.16 W m −2 and dramatically lowered the cost of the TEC system. Moreover, the maximum power output of the WC x -based TEC was maintained for over 10 days. This study highlights the significant application potential of WC x as a non-noblemetal-based electrode material for harvesting waste heat energy, attributed to its activity, economic feasibility, and stability.

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“…Previously reported mechano-electrochemical harvesters are primarily based on the principle of mechanical-elongation-induced changes in yarn density. When a coiled CNT is stretched, the coiling twist transforms into a yarn twist, and the yarn density increases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Plied Mechano-Electrochemical Energy Harvesting Using a Scalable Kinematic Sensing Textile Woven from a Graphene-Coated Commercial Cotton Yarn

Kim,

Noh,

Chun

et al. 2023

Nano Lett.

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Wearable sensing systems are suitable for monitoring human motion. To realize a cost-effective and self-powered strain-sensing fiber, we developed a mechano-electrochemical harvesting yarn and textile using hierarchically arranged plied yarns composed of meter-long graphene-coated cotton yarns. Such a fiber relies on the principle of electrochemical capacity change to convert mechanical energy to electric energy. Further, this harvester can be used as a self-powered strain sensor because its output depends on mechanical stimuli. Additionally, the yarn can be woven into a kinematic sensing textile that measures the strength and direction of the applied force. The textile-type harvester can successfully detect various human movements such as pressing, bending, and stretching. The proposed sensing fiber will pave the way for the development of advanced wearable systems for ubiquitous healthcare in the future.

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Mechanical energy harvesters with tensile efficiency of 17.4% and torsional efficiency of 22.4% based on homochirally plied carbon nanotube yarns

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Omnidirectional Energy Harvesting Fleeces

Omnidirectional Energy Harvesting Fleeces

Fast Electron Transfers of Non-Noble-Metal Tungsten Carbide Electrodes for Aqueous Thermo-Electrochemical Cells in Neutral Media

Hierarchically Plied Mechano-Electrochemical Energy Harvesting Using a Scalable Kinematic Sensing Textile Woven from a Graphene-Coated Commercial Cotton Yarn

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