Mechanical Loading

Leong, Daniel J.; Sun, Hui

doi:10.5435/jaaos-22-07-465

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In recent years, studies have found that moderate dynamic mechanical load is a potential method for the prevention and treatment of KOA, although both insufficient and excessive stress of the knee joint will induce cartilage degradation. Its therapeutic effects of inhibiting inflammatory reaction and maintaining balance of chondrocyte metabolism may be achieved through some mechanical transduction pathways that are not yet clear [ 47 ]. Studies have shown that moderate dynamic mechanical loads could obviously reduce inflammation and protect ECM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acupotomy on FAK‐PI3K Signaling Pathways in KOA Rabbit Articular Cartilages

Xie

Guo

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective By observing the needle-knife of KOA rabbit morphology, knee joint cartilage p-FAK, p-PI3K, Aggrecan gene, and protein expression, to study the effect of needle-knife to promote cartilage cell synthesis metabolism mechanism. Method 49 male New Zealand rabbits, randomly divided into normal group (Z), model group (M), model-inhibitors (MP), needle-knife group (D), needle-knife inhibitors group (DP), electroacupuncture group (E), and electroacupuncture inhibitors (EP). RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to test each animal cartilage p-FAK, p-PI3K, and Aggrecan gene and protein expression level. Results Compared with N group, p-FAK and p-PI3K protein and mRNA expression of M group, D group, and E group increased (P < 0.05), while the protein and mRNA expression of Aggrecan reduced (P < 0.05). Compared with M group, p-FAK, p-PI3K, Aggrecan protein, and mRNA of E and D group increased (P < 0.05). Compared with E group, p-FAK, p-PI3K, Aggrecan protein, and mRNA expression of D group increased (P < 0.05); after adding inhibitors, p-FAK, p-PI3K, Aggrecan protein, and mRNA expression reduced (P < 0.05). Conclusion Needle-knife therapy can promote the repairment of cartilage cells by activating FAK-PI3K signaling pathways, promoting the synthesis of cartilage cell metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acupotomy on FAK‐PI3K Signaling Pathways in KOA Rabbit Articular Cartilages

Xie

Guo

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Animal studies have confirmed the negative consequences of overloading/overuse or underloading/inactivity. 36,37 There is likely a healthy articular loading range that preserves tissue integrity; however these thresholds have not been identified and they may vary across different levels of disease severity, age groups, or BMI categories. Our findings that greater baseline knee extensor moment contribution to TSM may be linked to increased odds of PF joint structural worsening is consistent with the experimental evidence that higher knee extensor moment during stance phase of gait produces elevated PF joint stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthy articular tissues require biomechanical homeostasis. Animal studies have confirmed the negative consequences of overloading/overuse or underloading/inactivity 36,37 . There is likely a healthy articular loading range that preserves tissue integrity; however these thresholds have not been identified and they may vary across different levels of disease severity, age groups, or BMI categories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulatory support moment contribution patterns and MRI‐detected tibiofemoral and patellofemoral disease worsening in adults with knee osteoarthritis: A preliminary study

Chang¹,

Almagor²,

Muhammad³

et al. 2022

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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We investigated whether baseline sagittal‐plane ankle, knee, and hip contribution to the total support moment (TSM) are each associated with baseline‐to‐2‐year tibiofemoral and patellofemoral tissue damage worsening in adults with knee osteoarthritis. Ambulatory lower‐limb kinetics were captured and computed. TSM is the sum of ankle, knee, and hip extensor moments at each instant during gait. Ankle, knee, and hip contributions to TSM were computed as joint moments divided by TSM, expressed as percentages. Participants underwent MRI of both knees at baseline and 2 years later. Logistic regression models assessed associations of baseline ankle contribution to TSM with baseline‐to‐2‐year cartilage damage and bone marrow lesion worsening, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, gait speed, disease severity, and pain. We used similar analytic approaches for knee and hip contributions to TSM. Sample included 391 knees from 204 persons (age[SD]: 64[10] years; 76.5% women). Greater ankle contribution may be associated with increased odds of tibiofemoral cartilage damage worsening (OR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.02–5.57) and decreased odds of patellofemoral bone marrow lesion worsening (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03–0.73). The ORs for greater knee contribution were in the protective range for tibiofemoral compartment and in the deleterious range for patellofemoral. Greater hip contribution may be associated with increased odds of tibiofemoral worsening (OR = 2.71; 95% CI: 1.17–6.30). Greater ankle contribution to TSM may be associated with baseline‐to‐2‐year tibiofemoral worsening, but patellofemoral tissue preservation. Conversely, greater knee contribution may be associated with patellofemoral worsening, but tibiofemoral preservation. Preliminary findings illustrate potential challenges in developing biomechanical interventions beneficial to both tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments.

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“…As a result, chondrocytes may exhibit increased production of matrix-degrading enzymes, leading to cartilage breakdown and the activation of several inflammatory pathway cascades [38,52,53]. In conjunction with their pathogenic effects, mechanotransduction pathways activated by beneficial or appropriate exercise and mechanical forces stimulate the synthesis of essential extracellular matrix components, which fosters an environment that is favorable to tissue repair and injury prevention [44,[54][55][56][57][58][59]. While promising, the linkage between mechanical loading and KOA progression requires further investigation as a therapeutic option to understand how mechanical loading can induce beneficial regenerative responses in chondrocytes [60].…”

Section: Mechanotransductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding the Goldilocks Zone of Mechanical Loading: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanical Loading in the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis

Jahn,

Ehlen,

Huang

2024

Bioengineering

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In this review, we discuss the interaction of mechanical factors influencing knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) pathogenesis. Emphasizing the importance of mechanotransduction within inflammatory responses, we discuss its capacity for being utilized and harnessed within the context of prevention and rehabilitation of osteoarthritis (OA). Additionally, we introduce a discussion on the Goldilocks zone, which describes the necessity of maintaining a balance of adequate, but not excessive mechanical loading to maintain proper knee joint health. Expanding beyond these, we synthesize findings from current literature that explore the biomechanical loading of various rehabilitation exercises, in hopes of aiding future recommendations for physicians managing KOA and PTOA and athletic training staff strategically planning athlete loads to mitigate the risk of joint injury. The integration of these concepts provides a multifactorial analysis of the contributing factors of KOA and PTOA, in order to spur further research and illuminate the potential of utilizing the body’s own physiological responses to mechanical stimuli in the management of OA.

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Mechanical Loading

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Acupotomy on FAK‐PI3K Signaling Pathways in KOA Rabbit Articular Cartilages

Effect of Acupotomy on FAK‐PI3K Signaling Pathways in KOA Rabbit Articular Cartilages

Ambulatory support moment contribution patterns and MRI‐detected tibiofemoral and patellofemoral disease worsening in adults with knee osteoarthritis: A preliminary study

Finding the Goldilocks Zone of Mechanical Loading: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanical Loading in the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis

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