Mechanical, morphological, and solid-state viscoelastic responses of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene-co-vinyl-acetate super-tough blend reinforced with halloysite nanotubes

Singla, Rajendra Kumar; Maiti, Sukumar; Ghosh, Anup K.

doi:10.1007/s10853-016-0255-3

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…It may be due to the reinforcement effect of sepiolite nanoclay and restriction in chain mobility of the blend matrix. This behavior indicates that the addition of sepiolite into PLA/SEBS-g-MAblend enhanced its stiffness and load bearing capability 51.…”

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confidence: 84%

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Nehra

Maiti

Jacob

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In this study, sepiolite nanoclay is used as reinforcing agent for poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/(styreneethylene-butylene-styrene)-g-maleic anhydride copolymer (SEBS-g-MA) 90/10 (w/w) blend.Effects of sepiolite on thermal behavior, morphology, and thermomechanical properties of PLA/SEBS-g-MA blend were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed 7% improvement in crystallinity at 0.5 wt% of sepiolite. The nanocomposite exhibited approximately 36% increase in the tensile modulus and 17% increase in toughness as compared with the blend matrix at 0.5 and 2.5 wt% of sepiolite respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images exhibited sepiolite-induced morphological changes and dispersion of sepiolite in both PLA and SEBS-g-MA phases. Dynamic mechanical analysis and wide angle X-ray diffraction present evidences in support of the reinforcing nature of sepiolite and phase interaction between the filler and the matrix. This study confirms that sepiolite can improve tensile modulus and toughness of PLA/SEBS-g-MA blend. Biobased polymers have received a great deal of attention because they minimize the use of petrochemical resources and are superior in eco-friendliness. 1 The poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable polyester with high tensile strength and modulus. However, because of its brittleness, low thermal stability, and tensile toughness, neat PLA is limited in applications. Properly modified PLA can be used in many applications like food packaging, textile, electronics, surgical sutures, drug delivery systems, and transport and building. [2][3][4][5] Techniques such as plasticization, copolymerization, and blending are used to deal with the drawbacks of PLA. Blending is a feasible option compared with other techniques because of its cost effectiveness and minimum trade-off in properties. Blending with a thermoplastic elastomer like SEBS can be an effective way to toughen PLA. The SEBS is widely used in commercial applications such as sealants, footwear, coatings, 6 automotive parts, adhesives, temperature sensors, 7 and wire insulation. Sangeetha et al 8 reported that impact strength was higher in PLA/SEBS-g-MA blends than that in PLA/SEBS, which may be due to the interaction between maleic anhydride groups in SEBS-g-MA and carbonyl groups of PLA. SEBS-g-MA copolymer is used to toughen many polymers such as polypropylene (PP), 9 high density polyethylene, 10 nylon-6, 11 nylon-6,6 12 and PLA. 8,[13][14][15] reported that SEBS-g-MA is an effective impact modifier for PP/PLA blends. However, tensile modulus and strength decreased.Various kinds of fillers such as organo-modified montmorillonite (OMMT), [16][17][18][19] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), 20-22 calcium carbonate, [23][24][25] silica, 26-28 and carbon fullerenes 29,30 are used to enhance the thermomechanical properties of PLA. Although, OMMTs and carbon nanotubes worked well with PLA, the formers need special organic treatments to get exfoliated, while the latters are expensive and are detrimen...

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confidence: 84%

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Nehra

Maiti

Jacob

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…2,3 Especially, reactive blending can effectively improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of materials through in situ reactive compatibilization. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Various polymers have been used as toughening modifiers for PLA, and a few super toughened PLA blends were reported, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] such as PLA/POE and PLA/EMAglycidyl methacrylate (GMA) blends in our previous works, 22,23 but most of the impact modifiers used are petroleum-based polymers. Finding a renewable and/or biodegradable toughening modifier which can improve the toughness of PLA as effectively as the nonrenewable and nonbiodegradable blending partners is still a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly toughened poly(lactic acid) blends prepared by reactive blending with a renewable poly(ether‐block‐amide) elastomer

Xia

Wang

Feng

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Renewable poly(ether-block-amide) (PEBA) elastomer was grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to prepare PEBA-GMA, then it was melting blended with poly (lactic acid) (PLA) in an effort to achieve fully bio-based super-toughened PLA materials. The notched Izod impact strength of PLA/PEBA-GMA blend was significantly enhanced when the content of PEBA-GMA was higher than 20 wt%, and the tensile toughness was also improved. It was found a new copolymer was formed at the interface due to the reaction of the end groups (OH, COOH) of PLA with the epoxide group of PEBA-GMA. This greatly improves the interfacial adhesion between PLA and PEBA-GMA component, leading to finer dispersed particles of PEBA-GMA which were better wetted by the PLA matrix. Therefore, the highly enhanced notched impact strength was ascribed to the effective reactive compatibilization promoted by the interfacial reaction. This provides a new idea for preparing super tough PLA materials with bio-based elastomer, which will widely extend the application of PLA.

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“…In detail, MoS 2 nanotubes are easier to enter into the contact surface because of the thinner wall and the smaller size and then MoS 2 nanotubes are rolling, sliding, and dragging. 19 Furthermore, MoS 2 nanotubes can form the tribofilm through the direct exfoliation of the outer layers of nanotubes or the indirect exfoliation after rolling, sliding, and dragging to decrease friction and wear scar. The formation of the tribofilm means that MoS 2 nanotubes can improve the tribological properties.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of MoS₂ Nanotubes Templated by Halloysite Nanotubes for the Reduction of Friction in Oil

Zan

Cheng

2018

ACS Omega

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One-dimensional MoS 2 nanotubes with the specific surface area of 89.34 m 2 /g and the average pore size of 2.52 nm were successfully synthesized by the thermolytical approach assisted by halloysite nanotubes. The tribological properties of MoS 2 nanotubes with good dispersion in oil were tested with a four-ball wear tester. The tribological testing results indicated that the average friction coefficient and the average wear scar diameter of the 0.08 wt % MoS 2 -based oil at 25 °C decreased about 39.2 and 35.0%, respectively, compared to those of the 150 SN base oil, indicating that the as-prepared MoS 2 nanotubes as a lubricating additive can enhance the tribological performances. Finally, the lubrication mechanism of MoS 2 nanotubes was put forward.

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Mechanical, morphological, and solid-state viscoelastic responses of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene-co-vinyl-acetate super-tough blend reinforced with halloysite nanotubes

Cited by 28 publications

References 64 publications

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Highly toughened poly(lactic acid) blends prepared by reactive blending with a renewable poly(ether‐block‐amide) elastomer

Growth of MoS₂ Nanotubes Templated by Halloysite Nanotubes for the Reduction of Friction in Oil

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Mechanical, morphological, and solid-state viscoelastic responses of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene-co-vinyl-acetate super-tough blend reinforced with halloysite nanotubes

Cited by 28 publications

References 64 publications

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Poly(lactic acid)/(styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene)‐g‐maleic anhydride copolymer/sepiolite nanocomposites: Investigation of thermo‐mechanical and morphological properties

Highly toughened poly(lactic acid) blends prepared by reactive blending with a renewable poly(ether‐block‐amide) elastomer

Growth of MoS2 Nanotubes Templated by Halloysite Nanotubes for the Reduction of Friction in Oil

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Growth of MoS₂ Nanotubes Templated by Halloysite Nanotubes for the Reduction of Friction in Oil