Mechanical performance and in vivo bioactivity of functionally graded PEEK–HA biocomposite materials

Ma, Rui; Lin, Fang; Luo, Zhen; Weng, Luqian; Song, Shenhua; Zheng, Ruisheng; Sun, Hongzan; Fu, Hongyan

doi:10.1007/s10971-014-3287-7

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, medical grade PEEK tends to degrade when it is held in excess of 30 minutes at temperatures above 400℃ in the absence of a vacuum. Ma et al [41] used compression moulding to make a simple functionally graded PEEK/HA composites. Roeder's group at University of Notre Dame, USA, reported successful use of compression moulding and particulate leaching to make porous bioactive PEEK/HA-whisker composite [5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel bioactive PEEK/HA composite with controlled 3D interconnected HA network

Vaezi¹,

Yang²

2024

IJB

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Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic biomaterial which is currently used in a variety of biomedical orthopaedic applications. It has comparable tensile and compressive strength to cortical bone with favourable biocompatibility. However, natural grade PEEK-OPTIMA has shown insufficient bioactivity and limited bone integration. Bioactive PEEK composites (e.g., PEEK/calcium phosphates or Bioglass) and porous PEEK have been used to improve bone-implant interface of PEEK-based devices, but the bioactive phase distribution or porosity control is poor. In this paper, a novel method is developed to fabricate a bioactive PEEK/hydroxyapatite (PEEK/HA) composite with a unique configuration in which the HA (bioactive phase) distribution is computer-controlled within a PEEK matrix. This novel process results in complete interconnectivity of the HA network within a composite material, representing a superior advantage over alternative forms of product. The technique combines extrusion freeforming, a type of additive manufacturing (AM), and compression moulding. Compression moulding parameters, including pressure, temperature, dwelling time, and loading method together with HA microstructure were optimized by experimentation for successful biocomposite production. PEEK/HA composites with a range of HA were produced using static pressure loading to minimise air entrapment within PEEK matrix. In addition, the technique can also be employed to produce porous PEEK structures with controlled pore size and distribution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel bioactive PEEK/HA composite with controlled 3D interconnected HA network

Vaezi¹,

Yang²

2024

IJB

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“…Hydroxyapatite is brittle (Ma et al, 2014a), and it always destroy PEEK's excellent mechanical properties after blending with PEEK. To enhance the mechanical properties of composite materials, Ma J. et al (2020) used a 3D braiding, self-retention, hot pressing method to prepare an N-HA and PEEK blending material.…”

Section: Peek/ha Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologically Modified Polyether Ether Ketone as Dental Implant Material

Zhao

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a non-toxic polymer with elastic modulus close to human bone. Compared with metal implants, PEEK has advantages such as evasion of stress shielding effect, easy processing, and similar color as teeth, among others. Therefore, it is an excellent substitute material for titanium dental orthopedic implants. However, PEEK’s biological inertia limits its use as an implant. To change PEEK’s biological inertia and increase its binding ability with bone tissue as an implant, researchers have explored a number of modification methods to enhance PEEK’s biological activities such as cellular compatibility, osteogenic activity, and antibacterial activity. This review summarizes current biological activity modification methods for PEEK, including surface modification and blending modification, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each modification method. We believe that modified PEEK will be a promising dental and orthopedic implant material.

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“…Initially, composites were prepared by addition of HA during PEEK synthesis which gives excellent dispersion of HA in PEEK matrix. Three layers of different HA vol% were stacked in a steel die before hot pressing to create functionally graded PEEK/ HA composites [195]. It can be concluded that even with different ways of manufacturing of composite scaffolds, the in vitro and in vivo results show increment in bioactivity with HA inclusion.…”

Section: Peek Powdermentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printed composite materials for craniofacial implants: current concepts, challenges and future directions

Jindal

Manzoor

Haslam³

et al. 2020

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Millions of craniofacial surgeries are performed annually worldwide for craniofacial bones’ replacement and augmentation. This represents a significant economic burden as well as aesthetic expectations. Autografts and allografts are the first choice for treatment of craniofacial defects; however, their limited availability and difficulty to shape have led to investigation for alternative strategies. Biomaterial-based approaches have been used for implantation as they have ample supply but their processing through conventional technologies present several drawbacks; the major one relates to the poor versatility towards the production of patient-specific implants. Additive manufacturing has gained considerable attention during the last decade, as it allows the manufacturing of implants according to patient need. Biomaterial implants can be additively manufactured but have one or more limitations of stress shielding, radiopacity, high strength to weight ratio and limited bone integration. Over the last few decades, composites are investigated to surmount the limitations with traditional implants and also improve their bone integration. This review provides an overview of the most recent polymeric composite-based biomaterials that have been used in combination with 3D printing technology for the development of patient-specific craniofacial implants. Starting with the conventional treatments, biomaterials available for the craniofacial implants, the additive manufacturing rationale are discussed. Also, the main challenges still associated with 3D printing of polymer-based composites are critically reviewed and the future perspective presented.

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Mechanical performance and in vivo bioactivity of functionally graded PEEK–HA biocomposite materials

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

A novel bioactive PEEK/HA composite with controlled 3D interconnected HA network

A novel bioactive PEEK/HA composite with controlled 3D interconnected HA network

Biologically Modified Polyether Ether Ketone as Dental Implant Material

3D printed composite materials for craniofacial implants: current concepts, challenges and future directions

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