Mechanical performance and microstructure improvement of soda residue–carbide slag–ground granulated blast furnace slag binder by optimizing its preparation process and curing method

Guo, Weichao; Wang, Shuai; Xu, Zehua; Zhang, Zhaoyun; Zhang, Chengwei; Bai, Yanying; Zhao, Qingxin

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124403

Cited by 58 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The GBFS contains 35.1% SiO 2 , 16.2% Al 2 O 3 , and 33.6% CaO. Although GBFS is considered an industrial by-product, it has a high reactivity to boost hydration [ 8 ]. The BRS is the residual slag of a civil briquette that is burned at 800–1400 °C, and the civil briquette encourages the development of cleaner energy as an alternative to original coal [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The XRD patterns were acquired to characterize the crystal and amorphous phases in backfill pastes and controls [ 8 , 37 ]. Table 2 shows the XRD samples obtained from raw materials and synthesized samples at 90 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geopolymers are made from FA, granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS), and other silica–alumina precursors activated by an alkaline solution [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Because of their extremely low waste emissions, low energy consumption, and outstanding mechanical performance, geopolymers are regarded as sustainable substitutes for Portland cement [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before being used, the silica–alumina materials (such as FA, red mud, slag, and so on) and solid activators were uniformly combined to make the one-part geopolymer binders [ 24 , 25 ]. Significant research efforts have been made in recent years to minimize the cost and alleviate the problem of strong alkali activation by exploiting various alkaline solid wastes as replacements for Portland cement to synthesize innovative binders [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties and Cementation Mechanism of Geopolymer Backfill Paste Incorporating Diverse Industrial Solid Wastes

Wang¹,

Zhao

Wang³

et al. 2023

Materials

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Industrialization has resulted in a large number of industrial waste slags being produced, which severely pollute the environment. This urgently needs resourceful treatment. The objective of this paper is to investigate the preparation, performance, and cementation mechanism of a novel geopolymer backfill paste for goaf. We reused diverse industrial waste slags based on low-calcium silica–alumina precursors (two fly ashes FAI, FAII, and red mud RM), high-calcium-based slags (carbide slag CS, soda residue SR, briquette residue slag BRS, and granulated blast furnace slag GBFS), and two additives (gypsum powder GP and lime powder LP). The hardening of backfill pastes was investigated by analyzing the effects of FAI, GBFS, RM, and LP on physical and chemical performance. The cementation mechanism of the prepared backfill paste was revealed through morphology, mineralogy, and chemical products through the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the prepared backfill paste incorporating various solid wastes (FAI, FAII, RM, CS, SR, GBFS, RBS, etc.) yields a 28-d compressive strength of 2.1 MPa (higher than the required value of 0.6 MPa) and a fluidity of 201 mm. Geopolymer gels (N,C)-A-S-H, calcium silicate hydrated C-S-H, and calcium aluminosilicate hydrated C-A-S-H gels serve as chemical cementers, whereas unreacted particles serve as physical filler skeletons. These findings provide an experimental and theoretical basis for the interchangeable use of various identical component solid wastes in backfill engineering materials.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Properties and Cementation Mechanism of Geopolymer Backfill Paste Incorporating Diverse Industrial Solid Wastes

Wang¹,

Zhao

Wang³

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Additionally, Rattanashotinunt et al [31] found that another new gel material was prepared with CS blended with bagasse (SiO 2 , 55% by mass), which possesses a similar compressive strength to that of OPC, and realizes the 70% replacement of cement. Currently, a hot trend is mixing CS with fly ash (SiO 2 + Al 2 O 3 > 70% by mass) to prepare new materials [32][33][34]. However, although CS as a calcium additive was used to improve the properties of materials, the physical and mechanical properties and microstructures of FA-GEO composites incorporating CS is unclear at a long period of up to one year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Physical and Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Composite Incorporating Carbide Slag

Zhao

Wang²,

Jiang³

et al. 2021

Materials

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The long-term property development of fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer (FA–GEO) incorporating industrial solid waste carbide slag (CS) for up to 360 d is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the fresh, physical, and mechanical properties and microstructures of FA–GEO composites with CS and to evaluate the effects of CS when the composites were cured for 360 d. FA–GEO composites with CS were manufactured using FA (as an aluminosilicate precursor), CS (as a calcium additive), NaOH solution (as an alkali activator), and standard sand (as a fine aggregate). The fresh property and long-term physical properties were measured, including fluidity, bulk density, porosity, and drying shrinkage. The flexural and compressive strengths at 60 d and 360 d were tested. Furthermore, the microstructures and gel products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the additional 20.0% CS reduces the fluidity and increases the conductivity of FA–GEO composites. Bulk densities were decreased, porosities were increased, and drying shrinkages were decreased as the CS content was increased from 0.0% to 20.0% at 360 d. Room temperature is a better curing condition to obtain a higher long-term mechanical strength. The addition of 20.0% CS is more beneficial to the improvement of long-term flexural strength and toughness at room temperature. The gel products in CS–FA–GEO with 20.0% CS are mainly determined as the mixtures of sodium aluminosilicate (N–A–S–H) gel and calcium silicate hydration (C–S–H) gel, besides the surficial pan-alkali. The research results provide an experimental basis for the reuse of CS in various scenarios.

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Alkali-activated materials without commercial activators: a review

Wu,

Jia,

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci

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Mechanical performance and microstructure improvement of soda residue–carbide slag–ground granulated blast furnace slag binder by optimizing its preparation process and curing method

Cited by 58 publications

References 40 publications

Properties and Cementation Mechanism of Geopolymer Backfill Paste Incorporating Diverse Industrial Solid Wastes

Properties and Cementation Mechanism of Geopolymer Backfill Paste Incorporating Diverse Industrial Solid Wastes

Long-Term Physical and Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Composite Incorporating Carbide Slag

Alkali-activated materials without commercial activators: a review

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