Mechanical Performance of Additively Manufactured Fiber-Reinforced Functionally Graded Lattices

Plocher, János; Panesar, Ajit

doi:10.1007/s11837-019-03961-3

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As advanced manufacturing techniques have become an important means for the fabrication of graded structures, research effort has also been devoted in optimization with the consideration of manufacturing compatibility [219][220][221] and novel material systems. Recent papers by Plocher and Panesar [222,223] are examples of some of the most recent efforts, in which novel manufacturing methods are combined with highperformance materials to pursue of the design and property optimization of graded lattice structures. The advancement in computer clusters and numerical algorithms, in contrast, makes the optimization process more efficient and less expensive.…”

Section: Current and Future Efforts In Property Optimization Of Grade...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Density‐Graded Cellular Solids: Mechanics, Fabrication, and Applications

et al. 2021

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Cellular solids have gained extensive popularity in different areas of engineering due to their unique physical and mechanical properties. Recent advancements in manufacturing technologies have led to the development of cellular solids with highly controllable microstructures and properties modulated for multiple functionalities at low structural weights. The concept of density gradation in cellular solids has recently gained attention due to its potentials in opening new doors to the development of lightweight structures that offer optimal physical and mechanical properties without compromising their favorable characteristics. Herein, a comprehensive insight into the fundamental concepts, fabrication, and current and potential applications of density‐graded cellular solids in various areas of science and engineering is provided. Cellular solids are broadly classified into two main categories: foams and lattice structures. An overview of the fundamental concepts in each category is presented, followed by details on the characterization approaches and some of the most novel processing techniques utilized in fabricating the structures. The uses of density‐graded structures in load‐bearing, acoustic, and biomedical applications are highlighted. The state of the art in each category and the current trends in application‐specific optimization of density‐graded structures are discussed. The review concludes with an outlook of the future directions in this exciting field.

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Section: Current and Future Efforts In Property Optimization Of Grade...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Density‐Graded Cellular Solids: Mechanics, Fabrication, and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Micro-architectured structures such as functionally graded lattices are increasingly being integrated into product design with additive manufacturing (AM). The introduction of unit cells based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) [1,2] facilitated the control of local lattice density and morphing of dissimilar unit cell types [3]; this enabled effective tailoring of the mechanical and physical properties [4][5][6] of lattice material components produced by AM, which can also achieve multifunctionality relatively easily [7]. It is therefore important to be able to predict accurately the physical properties of such FGLs; this study will focus on their mechanical response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions of the Elastic–Plastic Compressive Response of Functionally Graded Polymeric Composite Lattices Manufactured by Three-Dimensional Printing

Plocher

Tagarielli

Panesar

2022

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology

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We use 3D printing to manufacture lattices with uniform and graded relative density, made from a composite parent material comprising a nylon matrix reinforced by short carbon fibres. The elastic-plastic compressive response of these solids is measured up to their densification regime. Data from experiments on the lattices with uniform relative density is used to deduce the dependence of their elastic-plastic homogenised constitutive response on their relative density, in the range 0.2-0.8. This data is used to calibrate Finite Element (FE) simulations of the compressive response of Functionally Graded Lattices (FGLs), which are found in good agreement with the corresponding measurements, capturing the salient features of the measured stress versus strain responses. This exercise is repeated for two lattice topologies (body-centred cubic and Schwarz-P). The phenomenological constitutive models produced in this study can be used in topology optimisation to maximise the performance of 3D printed FGLs components in terms of stiffness, strength or energy absorption.

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“…Similarly, Hensleigh et al [32] fabricated low-density complex and intricate structures by the light-based 3D method to enhance the mechanical properties. About graded density complex structure, Plocher and Panesar [33] design and fabricated a complex graded density lattice structure to increase the performance-to-weight ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical performance of additive manufactured shoe midsole designed using variable-dimension helical springs

Ali

Nazir

Jeng

2020

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The mechanical properties such as energy absorption, crushing behavior, and strength-to-weight ratio of graded density structures are significantly better when compared with uniform density counterparts. Graded density structures have been widely investigated due to recent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) technology, which can easily manufacture complex geometries. The study explores the significance of variable-dimension helical spring (VDS) to be used in shoe midsole to improve the stiffness, energy absorption, and energy return. Two novel shoe midsoles are designed using the variable-dimension helical springs and their performance was compared with a third shoe midsole designed using uniform-dimension helical spring (UDS). Variable-dimension shoe midsoles were designed according to the actual pressure distribution applied by the human foot on the midsole. The Multijet fusion AM process was employed for the fabrication of all shoe midsole samples. It is revealed that despite the same mass and bounding box, variable-dimension midsoles have significantly improved mechanical properties compared to uniform-dimension midsole. It is found that the VDS midsole has sixfolds higher force-bearing capacity, and has a lower permanent material setting phenomena when compared to UDS midsole. Moreover, a higher (45%) distortion was found in the UDS midsole after the loading-unloading experiment when compared to the VDS midsole (24%) distortion. A further comparison of the VDS midsole was carried out with the commercially available wave spring-based midsole. Despite about 2-fold higher weight of the wave spring-based midsole, the VDS polymer midsole has higher mechanical properties found in terms of flexibility and force-bearing capacity. Finally, it is concluded that the VDS structure of the midsole can enhance the mechanical properties such as force-bearing capacity, flexibility, and stability with a higher strength-to-weight ratio. This study also proves the feasibility of design and AM of customer-specific shoe midsole.

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Mechanical Performance of Additively Manufactured Fiber-Reinforced Functionally Graded Lattices

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Density‐Graded Cellular Solids: Mechanics, Fabrication, and Applications

Density‐Graded Cellular Solids: Mechanics, Fabrication, and Applications

Predictions of the Elastic–Plastic Compressive Response of Functionally Graded Polymeric Composite Lattices Manufactured by Three-Dimensional Printing

Mechanical performance of additive manufactured shoe midsole designed using variable-dimension helical springs

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