Mechanical performance of styrene-butadiene-rubber filled with carbon nanoparticles prepared by mechanical mixing

Saatchi, Mohammad Mahdi; Shojaei, Akbar

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2011.05.089

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The effective volume fraction of CBXE2B in the NR/SBR blend is much higher than its corresponding real volume fraction which might be attributed to its high structure morphology promoting both an adhering layer on the external surface and occluded rubber inside its porous aggregate structure. The lower values of Φ e DMA for CBN330 at low concentrations (<7.5 phr) can be explained by the fact that this CB does not show any reinforcement at such low concentrations, below 10 phr, probably because of its low structure and low SSA . Therefore, it is not able to contribute markedly in the viscoelastic response of the corresponding rubber composite at low concentration reflected in negligible bound rubber detected by DMA, i.e.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…, a uniform distribution of CBXE2B in the NR/SBR matrix is observed at all filler loadings. However, at 12.5 phr loading of CBXE2B, interconnectivity between filler particles is clearly observed which is consistent with our previous results for pure SBR loaded with CBXE2B . The FESEM micrographs of CBN330‐filled elastomers showed an appropriate distribution of reinforcement at all filler loadings without any interconnectivity between the particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaluation of the mechanical properties of CNT filled elastomers is a simple technique to give an idea about the dispersion state and the reinforcing mechanisms via micromechanical modeling and/or comparing with corresponding CB filled elastomers . The current literature shows that CNTs are much more effective than conventional CB, in both the solvent mixing and mechanical mixing methods, which is often attributed to the good mechanical properties and large aspect ratio of CNTs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enabled us to obtain a better understanding about the mechanisms controlling the reinforcing of rubbers by both types of reinforcing particle. According to our previous work, the bound rubber content of CB exhibited the biggest influence on the mechanical properties and network structure of styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR). It was also revealed that CB with extremely high bound rubber content shows much greater improvement in mechanical properties, even better than the CNT filled system …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reinforcing mechanisms of carbon nanotubes and high structure carbon black in natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blend prepared by mechanical mixing − effect of bound rubber

Ahmadi

Shojaei

2015

Polym. Int.

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The reinforcing effect of high structure carbon black (HSCB) and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on natural rubber/styrene‐butadiene rubber blend processed using mechanical mixing was comparatively investigated. In‐depth analysis by dynamic mechanical analysis, the Eggers − Schummer model and Medalia's relationship showed that HSCB aggregates provided large internal pores leading to significant immobilized macromolecules in filled rubber. Additionally, a tubular immobilized rubber layer with a thickness of 8 nm was estimated for the rubber/MWCNT system based on dynamic mechanical analysis data. The mechanical performance of the HSCB filled blend was higher than that of the MWCNT filled blend at the same loading which was correlated to its higher bound rubber content. Both bound rubber content and filler anisotropy were found to govern the overall mechanical properties of rubber/MWCNT composites. Stress softening was correlated with rupture energy suggesting hysteretic failure mechanisms in both MWCNT and HSCB filled rubbers. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reinforcing mechanisms of carbon nanotubes and high structure carbon black in natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blend prepared by mechanical mixing − effect of bound rubber

Ahmadi

Shojaei

2015

Polym. Int.

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“…In this case, α is 2,000, 150, and 1 for the GNPs, MWCNTs, and CB, respectively, according to the filler shape parameters.

E_{f}

is set as 250 GPa , 200 GPa , and 10 GPa for the GNPs, MWCNTs, and CB, respectively. The theoretical values of modulus from the Halpin–Tsai model are also shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

et al. 2017

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In this article, a comparative study of biaxial stretching at different stretching ratios for melt mixed high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/carbon nanofiller composites containing 4 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon black (CB) was conducted in order to investigate the influence of the carbon nanofillers on the processability of the material and on its final properties after processing. It is shown that the addition of carbon nanofillers results in a significant strain hardening behavior upon biaxial stretching, greatly improving the deformation stability and thus processability of the material. The reinforcement effectiveness of the nanofillers in strain hardening behavior is CB < MWCNTs < GNPs. The GNPs exhibit the most efficient reinforcement in modulus for the stretched samples, while the CB exhibits the most efficient reinforcement in tensile strength. Biaxial deformation destroys the conductive pathways of the nanofillers due to an increased interparticle distance and the destruction of nanofiller network structure. The MWCNT‐filled composites exhibit a more robust conductive network during stretching as a result of more interlacing or entanglement of the one‐dimensional nanotubes. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the material decreases significantly with the addition of GNPs, and which can be further reduced by two orders of magnitude after biaxial deformation due to the parallel alignment of two‐dimensional GNPs in the stretching plane. This study provides important information on the selection of carbon nanofillers for the processing and design of multifunctional polymer composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E909–E923, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Surface modification of commercial carbon black by silane coupling agents for improving dispersibility in rubber compounds

Jaberi Mofrad,

Ostad Movahed,

Ahmadpour

2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The dispersion of a filler in a rubber matrix is a crucial parameter affecting the mechanical and dynamical properties of a rubber compound. It is the current issue of the rubber compounding industry because, most fillers are categorized as a mineral, while the rubber is an organic material. The surface modification of the filler has been accepted as an effective technique for the improvement of the abovementioned parameter. First, the surface premodification of commercial carbon black with a grade of N660 (CB) was implemented by four different oxidation methods. After that, among of used methods, the oxidation method using citric acid was selected to produce modified carbon black (CB‐Oxi) for further treatment. Subsequently, the coupling agent, Bis[3‐(triethoxysilyl)propyl] tetrasulfide (TESPT) was functionalized on the surface of CB‐Oxi to produce modified‐CB‐Oxi. Also, for comparison purposes, the TESPT functionalization was accomplished on untreated CB to form modified‐CB. The FTIR spectra of CB‐Oxi showed using the premodification method introduced the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface of CB. The correspondent spectra for modified‐CB‐Oxi confirmed the existence of silane groups on the surface of the carbon black. However, the mentioned silane groups were not observed on the surface of modified‐CB. The findings were strengthened by several characteristic techniques including, FESEM, XRD, EDS, CHNS elemental analysis, and RAMAN spectra. The FESEM graphs and elemental mapping showed homogeneous dispersion and uniform distribution of sulfur and silicon elements on the modified‐CB‐Oxi surface. According to RAMAN spectra, the disturbance in the structure of carbon black graphite was reduced after surface modification. modified‐CB‐Oxi is proposed as a potential substitute filler for current commercial carbon black in rubber compounding.

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Mechanical performance of styrene-butadiene-rubber filled with carbon nanoparticles prepared by mechanical mixing

Cited by 36 publications

References 61 publications

Reinforcing mechanisms of carbon nanotubes and high structure carbon black in natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blend prepared by mechanical mixing − effect of bound rubber

Reinforcing mechanisms of carbon nanotubes and high structure carbon black in natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blend prepared by mechanical mixing − effect of bound rubber

Comparative study on the deformation behavior, structural evolution, and properties of biaxially stretched high‐density polyethylene/carbon nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon black) composites

Surface modification of commercial carbon black by silane coupling agents for improving dispersibility in rubber compounds

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