Mechanical Performance of Three-Dimensional Printed Lattice Structures: Assembled Versus Direct Print

Alam, Adeeb; Berube, Keith A.; Rais‐Rohani, Masoud; Khoda, Bashir

doi:10.1089/3dp.2021.0207

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“… 44 These results reflect not only different porosities but also different strength distributions in such architectures because ADMS, like TPMS structures, are doubly curved at each point such that the mean curvature is zero at every point. Although lattice architectures can be adjusted to mechanical needs, 45 smooth and continuous structures such as primitive-TPMSs are less likely to cause stress concentration, yielding an overall higher scaffold strength. 46 Moreover, they are optimized for low weight and require less material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Printed Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitutes Designed by a Novel Periodic Minimal Surface Algorithm Are Highly Osteoconductive

Maevskaia

Khera

Ghayor

et al. 2023

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing

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Autologous bone remains the gold standard bone substitute in clinical practice. Therefore, the microarchitecture of newly developed synthetic bone substitutes, which reflects the spatial distribution of materials in the scaffold, aims to recapitulate the natural bone microarchitecture. However, the natural bone microarchitecture is optimized to obtain a mechanically stable, lightweight structure adapted to the biomechanical loading situation. In the context of synthetic bone substitutes, the application of a Triply Periodic Minimum Surface (TPMS) algorithm can yield stable lightweight microarchitectures that, despite their demanding architectural complexity, can be produced by additive manufacturing. In this study, we applied the TPMS derivative Adaptive Density Minimal Surfaces (ADMS) algorithm to produce scaffolds from hydroxyapatite (HA) using a lithography-based layer-by-layer methodology and compared them with an established highly osteoconductive lattice microarchitecture. We characterized them for compression strength, osteoconductivity, and bone regeneration. The in vivo results, based on a rabbit calvaria defect model, showed that bony ingrowth into ADMS constructs as a measure of osteoconduction depended on minimal constriction as it limited the maximum apparent pore diameter in these scaffolds to 1.53 mm. Osteoconduction decreased significantly at a diameter of 1.76 mm. The most suitable ADMS microarchitecture was as osteoconductive as a highly osteoconductive orthogonal lattice microarchitecture in noncritical- and critical-size calvarial defects. However, the compression strength and microarchitectural integrity in vivo were significantly higher for scaffolds with their microarchitecture based on the ADMS algorithm when compared with high-connectivity lattice microarchitectures. Therefore, bone substitutes with high osteoconductivity can be designed with the advantages of the ADMS-based microarchitectures. As TPMS and ADMS microarchitectures are true lightweight structures optimized for high mechanical stability with a minimal amount of material, such microarchitectures appear most suitable for bone substitutes used in clinical settings to treat bone defects in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing sites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Printed Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitutes Designed by a Novel Periodic Minimal Surface Algorithm Are Highly Osteoconductive

Maevskaia

Khera

Ghayor

et al. 2023

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing

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show abstract

“…The 3D tetrahedral lattice material exhibits three deformation regions which are similar to those of other porous or cellular materials under quasistatic compression process. [27,28] When the compressive strain is at low level, an elastic region appears as a result of the elastic contraction and expansion of the struts without obvious deformation. After that, a plastic region starts to form with the larger of the strain which is due to the bending deformation of the struts around the joints.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Experimental And Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Simulation Analysis on the Mechanical Behavior of 3D‐Enhanced Al‐Based Tetrahedral Lattice Materials

Xue

Huang

et al. 2022

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Herein, the compressive mechanical behavior of novel 3D tetrahedral lattice materials is investigated by ways of experimental, numerical, and analytical methods with a good performance of accuracy. Samples with varied length–diameter ratios are fabricated through 3D printing combined with investment casting method. The compressive behavior, deformation characteristic, and energy property of the lattice materials are comprehensively recorded and analyzed with respect to the geometric parameter and compression directions. It is observed that the length–diameter ratio exhibits a significant influence on the mechanical performance and energy absorption of the materials, that is, the lower the length–diameter ratio, the higher the relative density, strength, and energy absorption. Good agreements are observed among the experimental, numerical, and analytical results within a relative acceptable error. Moreover, the mechanical properties and deformation characteristics of lattice materials depend on compression directions to a great extent. In addition, the novel tetrahedral lattice materials with reasonable relative density present superior performance features compared with the other cellular materials.

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Multi Jet Fusion printed lattice materials: characterization and prediction of mechanical performance

Chen

Fitzhugh

et al. 2023

Mater. Adv.

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Mechanical Performance of Three-Dimensional Printed Lattice Structures: Assembled Versus Direct Print

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Three-Dimensional Printed Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitutes Designed by a Novel Periodic Minimal Surface Algorithm Are Highly Osteoconductive

Three-Dimensional Printed Hydroxyapatite Bone Substitutes Designed by a Novel Periodic Minimal Surface Algorithm Are Highly Osteoconductive

Experimental and Simulation Analysis on the Mechanical Behavior of 3D‐Enhanced Al‐Based Tetrahedral Lattice Materials

Multi Jet Fusion printed lattice materials: characterization and prediction of mechanical performance

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