Mechanical Properties and Characterization of Phenolic Resin Syntactic Foams

Okuno, Kenji; Woodhams, R. T.

doi:10.1177/0021955x7401000506

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…18,20 Phenolic-based syntactic foams could find applications in thermostructural areas. 21,22 Higher density syntactic foams show higher strength compared to lower density foams. However, for certain specific application, low-density, moderate strength material is preferred over high-density, high strength materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of polybenzoxazine syntactic foams

Kumar

Nair

Ninan

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Syntactic foams of polybenzoxazine, containing moderately high volume percentage of glass microballoons, were prepared. The specific gravity decreased with increase in microballoon content. The disproportionate decrease in specific gravity was ascribed to entrapment of air voids during compaction. The high content of microballoon increased the possibility for air voids that tended to get accumulated. The effect of microballoon concentration on tensile, compressive, and flexural strengths of the foams was studied. Tensile and compressive properties were optimized at about 68% by volume of microballoon while flexural strength decreased marginally on increasing the microballoon content. Althought the specific tensile and compressive strength showed a maximum followed by a decrease, the specific flexural strength systematically increased with microballoon content. The increased packing density of syntactic foam of a given constituent composition increased the compressive strength. The property variation was corroborated by morphological features, as evidenced in scanning electron micrographs. The syntactic foams showed ''multiple resin-neck formation'' and ''disc-shaped microballoon regions.'' The crushing of microballoons during molding was inevitable when compaction was effected to achieve a density beyond the theoretical one. Low-density syntactic foams tend to fail at lower loads because of fracturing of microballoons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of polybenzoxazine syntactic foams

Kumar

Nair

Ninan

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The binders used are normally thermosetting resins such as epoxy, 6 polyester, 7 phenolic, 8 etcetera. Of these, the epoxy SFs are popular because they can be tailored to suit the requirements in the end product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and compressive strengths of syntactic foams with and without fibrous reinforcements

Karthikeyan

Sankaran

Kumar

et al. 2001

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Syntactic foam composites containing 0, 0.9, 1.76, 2.54, 3.54, and 4.5 vol % of E-glass fibers in the form of chopped strands were fabricated and subjected to compression testing. It was found that the compressive strength values generally increased with fiber content except for the 3.54% fiber-bearing cast slab, which recorded lower values. This lone exception was due to the difference in processing route adopted in fabricating this particular fiber-bearing foam. Also noticed was the fact that the compressive strength of the 0.9 vol % fiber-bearing system was lower compared to the fiber-free system. This was correlated to the higher level of void content noticed with this fiber-bearing foam compared to that seen in the unreinforced foam.

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“…They have good resistance to burning and have improved thermal stability at 300°C. The undesirable friable character of phenolic foams can be markedly improved by the introduction of microballoons [95]. Phenol-based thermoset resins have been used in fire resistant syntactic foams.…”

Section: Phenolic Syntactic Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of phenolic syntactic foams with IG-101 and silas microballoons, flexural strength, Except for syntactic foams with silas microballoons, the properties were superior to those of phenolic foams [95]. Zhang et al carried out modification of hollow carbon microspheres to improve the compressive and flexural strength and fracture toughness of hollow carbon microballoon-based phenolic syntactic foam.…”

Section: Phenolic Syntactic Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%