Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of two new titanium alloys for orthopaedics applications

Recent Advances in Processing of Titanium and Titanium Alloys through Metal Injection Molding for Biomedical Applications: 2013–2022

“…Biocompatible metals have so far been most widely used in biomedical applications. Titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys, stainless steel, and cobalt (Co) alloys are the broadly recognized biocompatible metals in the medical industry [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. These materials are commonly used to replace and support fractured bone fragments as well as in dental implants, pacemaker casings, artificial heart valves, screws, plates, artificial joints, extrinsic fixators, spinal fixations, and stents [2,[34][35][36].…”

“…Researchers currently prefer Ti and Ti alloys as the most advantageous biocompatible metals [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The utilization of Ti and Ti alloys as implant materials is deemed favorable due to their optimal properties [35]. As Ti and Ti alloys are chemically inert and possess strong fatigue resistance and a low Young's modulus, they perform better than stainless steel and Co alloys in long-term implantation [21,37,38].…”

“…As Ti and Ti alloys are chemically inert and possess strong fatigue resistance and a low Young's modulus, they perform better than stainless steel and Co alloys in long-term implantation [21,37,38]. In addition, when compared to other biocompatible metals, Ti and Ti alloys exhibit significantly greater corrosion resistance [35,37]. Corrosion usually shortens the lifespan of the implants and necessitates additional surgery to replace the damaged ones.…”

Development and Fabrication of Biocompatible Ti-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composites for Additive Manufacturing

“…In addition, toxic factors might lead to oversensitivity, immune rejection, and tissue loss. Therefore, researchers have been developing new titanium alloys with suitable mechanical properties and a good biocompatibility for bone implants [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

“…More recently, studies have reported that a new type of bulk metallic glass foam (BMGF) with the ability to support cell growth [35,36,42] can further reduce the effects of stress shielding and problems with toxic elements. However, through the space holder powder metallurgy method, the BMGFs are able to provide only one fixed porosity in one product, thus still facing limits in their application [31]. On the other hand, the Young's modulus of the Ti-based BMG is around 80 GPa, which is still higher than the Young's modulus of 15-25 GPa in the longitudinal direction of cortical bone [44].…”