Mechanical properties and microstructural evaluation of heat-treated aluminum alloy using formulated bio-quenchants

Abstract

Heat treatment industries require various quenching media to improve the properties of the materials to be quenched. Petroleum based mineral (PBM) oil, a non-biodegradable oil, is popular amongst others quenchants in heat treatment processes. Recently, biodegradable oils mostly in their raw, unblended and unbleached forms have been employed for quenching of various engineering materials. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of some selected bio-quenchants in blended raw (BR) and blended bleached (BB) forms on the mechanical properties and microstructure of solution heat treated aluminum (Al)-alloy. Edible vegetable oil (70% by volume) was blended with 30% by volume of jatropha oil to form the bio-quenchant oils. Another set of bio-quenchants were formed by bleaching the raw oils before mixing so as to reduce the oxidation level and contaminations in the oil. The Al-alloy is solution heat treated at 500 °C and soaked for 15 min in an electric muffle furnace before quenching in the various established bio-quenchants. Results showed that samples treated in blended raw melon (BRM) oil have higher tensile strength of 151.76 N/mm2 while samples quenched in blended bleached melon (BBM) oil have higher hardness value of 61.00 HRC. In accordance to the results obtained the bio-quenchants were found to be effective replacement to the PBM oil.

Comparison of differences between agro-waste sand mold additives effects on the hardness and microstructural views of recycled aluminum alloy cooling in various coolants

“…Figure10: illustrate two major phases: primary Si-particles in the Light-Al phase (light patches) and eutectic (Si) phase (dark patches) with Si-particles as depicted in the microstructure of as-cast Al-alloy 6061 material. In the as-cast Alalloy, the material showed a large concentration of Si particles in the Al alloy (6061) due to high grain growth in sand casting leading to lower mechanical properties like percentage elongation and hardness value and agrees with the work ofAdekunle et al (2020).The microstructure of cast Al-alloy materials from sand mold additives (SDA, GSA, and ESA) after quenching in water, palm oil, and engine oil as shown in Figures 11 to 19 highlighting the presence of intermetallic elements in the observed alloys and demonstrating that the grain structure was refined as the additive elements…”

Laser Butt Welding of Thin Ti6Al4V Sheets: Effects of Welding Parameters

“…Microhardness profiles were determined using the Indentec Digital Vickers hardness tester (Zwick Roell Indentec, West Midlands, UK) at 4.9 N and dwell tim s, ASTM E384 [12]. The tensile strength was determined using the UTM Zwick Ro (Zwick Roell, West Midlands, UK) and following ASTM E8 [13][14][15][16].…”

“…Furthermore, microstructures in the FZ are si comparable to those obtained when Ti6Al4V is heat-treated above the transus te ture (985 °C) and cooled in the air at a rate more significant than the critical cooli Microhardness profiles were determined using the Indentec Digital Vickers microhardness tester (Zwick Roell Indentec, West Midlands, UK) at 4.9 N and dwell time of 15 s, ASTM E384 [12]. The tensile strength was determined using the UTM Zwick Roell 2250 (Zwick Roell, West Midlands, UK) and following ASTM E8 [13][14][15][16].…”

TIG welding of Ti6Al4V alloy: Microstructure, fractography, tensile and microhardness data

“…Tensile tests were carried out using the UTM Zwick Roell 2250, and following ASTM E8 [ 4 , 10 , 11 ], three samples were used for this test for each welding parameter. The samples were further analyzed at the failure point by obtaining the fractography images using the TESCAN SEM to study the manner of failure of the material.…”