Mechanical properties and microstructure of hybrid vulcanized natural rubber filled with carbon black and nano-CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; from &lt;i&gt;Achatina achatina&lt;/i&gt; Shells

Umunakwe, Reginald; Oyetunji, Akinlabi; Adewuyi, B. O.; Eze, Wilson Uzochukwu; Nwigwe, Uzoma Samuel; Umunakwe, Ifeoma Janefrances

doi:10.55713/jmmm.v29i4.555

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This result is consistent with the work of Umunakwe et al, who investigated NR filled with carbon black and calcium carbonate. They demonstrated that calcium carbonate could improve the thermal resistance of the rubber vulcanizate compared with the carbon black-filled rubber [52]. The thermal decomposition profiles of neat NR, NR/untreated CaCO 3 , and NR/treated CaCO 3 samples at 20 phr filler loading in terms of TGA curves (Figure 11a) and DTG curves (Figure 11b) were determined.…”

Section: Nr/untreated Caco 3 and Nr/treated Caco 3 Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spherical CaCO3: Synthesis, Characterization, Surface Modification and Efficacy as a Reinforcing Filler in Natural Rubber Composites

Longkaew,

Gibaud,

Tessanan

et al. 2023

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Natural rubber (NR), an important natural polymer derived from the Hevea brasiliensis tree, has been widely used in the rubber industry owing to its excellent elastic properties. However, it requires reinforcing fillers to improve its mechanical properties for the manufacturing of rubber products. Generally, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is employed as a non-reinforcing filler. This work aimed to synthesize spherical-shaped CaCO3 at a submicrometric scale without and with surface treatment and explore its utilization as a reinforcing filler in NR composites. The morphological shape and polymorphic phase of CaCO3 were investigated using SEM, TEM, XRD, ATR-FTIR and Raman techniques. The mechanical properties of various amounts (0 to 60 phr) of CaCO3-filled NR composites were explored. As a result, the NR/treated CaCO3 composites provided higher tensile strength than the NR/untreated CaCO3 composites and pure NR at all filler loadings. This may have been due to the improved interfacial interaction between NR and CaCO3 with the improved hydrophobicity of CaCO3 after treatment with olive soap. The optimal filler loading was 20 phr for the highest tensile strength of the rubber composites. In addition, the elongation at break of the NR/treated CaCO3 was slightly decreased. Evidence from SEM and FTIR revealed the vaterite polymorph and shape stability of CaCO3 particles in the NR matrix. The results demonstrate that the particle size and surface treatment of the filler have essential effects on the mechanical property enhancement of the rubber composites. Synthesized spherical CaCO3 could be a potential reinforcing filler with broader application in polymer composites.

show abstract

Section: Nr/untreated Caco 3 and Nr/treated Caco 3 Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nr/untreated Caco 3 and Nr/treated Caco 3 Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spherical CaCO3: Synthesis, Characterization, Surface Modification and Efficacy as a Reinforcing Filler in Natural Rubber Composites

Longkaew,

Gibaud,

Tessanan

et al. 2023

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…20 Volume fraction, particle size and surface properties of the filler are the main parameters to control the properties of elastomeric nanocomposites. 21 Reginald Umunakwe et al, 22 they used nano carbon black and nano calcium carbonate as a filler to study their volume fraction and their synergistic effect on the mechanical, wear and thermal properties of filled natural rubber. They found that the mechanical properties and wear resistance increased with the volume fraction of the particles of any type of filler.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of the relationship between the microstructure and properties of the tire tread containing carbon black/silica hybrid nanoparticles

Khosrojerdi,

Kourki,

Bagherzadeh

2023

Journal of Composite Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Today, air pollution is considered as one of the most important challenges of mankind, which is affected by the pollutants emitted by vehicles in cities. Given that the greatest loss of the kinetic energy generated by car engine occurs in the tires due to the rolling resistance, a reduction in their rolling resistance lowers fuel consumption and decreases air pollution. Additionally, the change in the formulation of tire tread components significantly decreases the rolling resistance. In addition, the change in the component formulation requires a variation in the conditions of tire processing, which results in altering the tire mechanical properties. The present study evaluated the effect of adding nanocarbon black with various sizes and nanosilica at different levels into the formulation of tire tread component on the rheological properties. Further, their effect on the mechanical properties and efficiency of produced components, were evaluated. The results of rheological study represented higher viscosity following a rise in nanosilica concentration and a decrease in the size of nanocarbon black. Based on the results of mechanical properties, the elastic modulus at 100 and 300% of component increased by raising the level of nanosilica, while decreased while using smaller nanocarbon black. Finally, the relation between microstructure and properties was presented for the obtained nanocomposites and some of the structure parameters was examined using small-angle X-ray scattering technique.

show abstract

Bromide and Chloride Ionic Liquids Applied to Enhance the Vulcanization and Performance of Natural Rubber Biocomposites Filled with Nanosized Silica

Maciejewska

Sowińska‐Baranowska

2022

Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the possibility of using ionic liquids (ILs) as auxiliary substances improving the vulcanization and physicochemical properties of natural rubber (NR) biocomposites filled with nanosized silica was investigated. Hence, the influence of ILs with bromide and chloride anions and various cations, i.e., alkylimidazolium, alkylpyrrolidinium and alkylpiperidinium cation, on the curing characteristics and crosslink density of NR compounds was determined. Furthermore, the effect of nanosized silica and ILs on the functional properties of the obtained vulcanizates, including mechanical properties under static and dynamic conditions, hardness, thermal stability and resistance to thermo-oxidative aging, were explored. Applying nanosized silica improved the processing safety of NR compounds but significantly increased the optimal vulcanization time compared to the unfilled rubber. ILs significantly improved the cure characteristics of NR compounds by increasing the rate of vulcanization and the crosslink density of NR biocomposites. Consequently, the tensile strength and hardness of the vulcanizates significantly increased compared to that without ILs. Moreover, the use of nanosized silica and ILs had a favorable impact on the thermal stability of the vulcanizates and their resistance to prolonged thermo-oxidation.

show abstract

Mechanical properties and microstructure of hybrid vulcanized natural rubber filled with carbon black and nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> from <i>Achatina achatina</i> Shells

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Spherical CaCO3: Synthesis, Characterization, Surface Modification and Efficacy as a Reinforcing Filler in Natural Rubber Composites

Spherical CaCO3: Synthesis, Characterization, Surface Modification and Efficacy as a Reinforcing Filler in Natural Rubber Composites

The evaluation of the relationship between the microstructure and properties of the tire tread containing carbon black/silica hybrid nanoparticles

Bromide and Chloride Ionic Liquids Applied to Enhance the Vulcanization and Performance of Natural Rubber Biocomposites Filled with Nanosized Silica

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About