Mechanical properties and modified binary–medium constitutive model for red–bed soft rock subjected to freeze–thaw cycles

He, Junlin; Niu, Fujun; Luo, Fei; Jiang, Haiqiang; He, Peifeng; Ju, Xiaoli

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103803

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The siliceous material is finely grained. The iron-muddy material is yellowish-brown to black-brown and reddish-brown, mainly in a granular form [18,19].…”

Section: Mineral Analysis and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Mineral Dissolution on the Development of Red-Bed Landslides in the Wudongde Reservoir Region

Ye,

Liu,

Shi

et al. 2024

Minerals

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The Wudongde reservoir region exhibits a notable prevalence of landslides within the red-bed reservoir stratum. The red bed is a clastic sedimentary rock layer dominated by red continental deposits. It is mainly composed of sandstone, mudstone, and siltstone. The lithology is diverse and uneven. In this study, we delve into the impact of mineral dissolution on the development of red-bed landslides in the reservoir area by utilizing the Xiaochatou landslide as a representative case study. Considering the inherent susceptibility of red-bed formations to erosion, collapse, and softening when exposed to water, an investigation was conducted to examine the consequences of mineral dissolution on landslides occurring in these areas. We conducted a mineral analysis and an identification of rock samples from the Xiaochatou landslide site, revealing alternating layers of sandstone and mudstone. Sandstone and conglomerate specimens were immersed in deionized water, and advanced techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ion chromatography (IC), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis were used to examine the effects of water immersion. We also employed the hydrogeochemical simulation software PHREEQC to understand the dissolution mechanism of gypsum during soaking. Our findings reveal that sandstone and conglomerates harbor a notable quantity of gypsum, which readily dissolves in water. Prolonged immersion leads to erosion cavities within the sandstone, thereby augmenting its permeability. The concentration of SO42− ions in the soaking solution emerges as the highest, followed by Ca2+ and Na+. The notable significance is the dissolution of gypsum, whose intricate mechanism is contingent upon diverse environmental conditions. Variations in ion concentration profoundly influence the saturation index (SI) value, with the pH value playing a crucial role in shifting the reaction equilibrium. Regarding the deformation mode of the landslide, it manifests as a combination of sliding compression and tension cracking. The fracture surface of the landslide assumes a step-like configuration. As the deformation progresses, the mudstone layer takes control over the sliding process, causing the sandstone to develop internal narrow-top and wide-bottom cracks, which propagate upward until the stability of the slope rock mass is compromised, resulting in its rupture. In this manuscript, we delve into the dissolution traits of red-bed soft rock in the Wudongde reservoir area, using a landslide case as a reference. We simulate this rock’s dissolution under environmental water influences, examining its interaction with diverse water types through rigorous experiments and simulations. This study’s importance lies in its potential to shed light on the crucial engineering characteristics of red-bed soft rock.

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“…The siliceous material is finely grained. The iron-muddy material is yellowish-brown to black-brown and reddish-brown, mainly in a granular form [18,19].…”

Section: Mineral Analysis and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Mineral Dissolution on the Development of Red-Bed Landslides in the Wudongde Reservoir Region

Ye,

Liu,

Shi

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…When the applied stress on a material remains essentially constant and considering the time-hardening characteristics, the equivalent creep strain rate can be calculated using Equation (1).…”

Section: Long-term Settlement Prediction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Red bed formations are extensively employed in various engineering projects, such as highways, railways, water resources, and hydropower applications [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Control Method and Field Testing of High Embankment with Red Bed Soft Rock and Soil Stone Mixture Fill Roadbed

Zhou,

Chai,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Post-construction settlement in embankments is a crucial quality indicator and a significant factor influencing the long-term stability of roadbeds. Especially for the mixed-fill materials, by considering the uncertainty of composition and mechanical properties, it is important to predict and take construction measures to control post-construction settlement. In this paper, taking the construction of high-fill embankments with red bed soft rock mixture as the background, the deformation characteristics of mixed-fill materials were revealed first. Then, a dynamic–static coupling method for roadbed filling was proposed, and corresponding control parameters were provided. Finally, by employing ABAQUS 2016 for long-term settlement numerical simulations and conducting load-bearing preloading tests, the deformation patterns of the high embankment with red bed soft rock mixture fill roadbed were revealed.

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“…This is mainly due to the strong hydrophilicity and weak permeability of the red beds, which are prone to softening and plastic deformation under the action of water; After absorbing water, the red beds are easy to expand, and after losing water, they are easy to contract; The weathering resistance of the red beds are weak, they are easy to collapse, and their compressive and shear strength are low (Marat et al 2022;Wang et al 2017;Wu et al 2018;Zhang et al 2016). The red beds have different lithology or poor binding force with other rock strata, which can easily cause differential deformation and lead to rock mass sliding along the bedding plane (He et al 2023;Liu et al 2020). Therefore, the identification of rock types, especially the rapid determination of red beds, is of great significance for major scientific and engineering issues such as risk assessment and rapid response of geological disasters in red beds distribution area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic chemical compositions combination rules and quantitative criterion of red beds

Cui,

Liao,

Kong

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Red beds belong to slippery formations, and their rapid identification is of great significance for major scientific and engineering issues such as geological hazard risk assessment and rapid response. Existing research often identifies red beds from a qualitative or semi quantitative perspective, resulting in slow recognition speed and inaccurate recognition results, making it difficult to quickly handle landslide geological disasters. Combined with the correlation between red beds geomorphic characteristics, mineral compositions, and chemical compositions, this study established a rapid quantitative identification criterion based on the basic chemical compositions combination rules in the red beds. By collecting chemical compositions data of rocks containing red beds, a total of 241,405 groups data were collected for qualitative and quantitative comparison between multiple sets of chemical composition combinations. The results indicate that simultaneously meeting the following chemical composition combinations can serve as a quantitative criterion for distinguishing red beds from other rocks: SiO2+Al2O3 ≈ 50.7 %~85.0 %, Al2O3/SiO2 ≈ 0.14~0.41, FeO+Fe2O3 ≈ 0.9 %~7.9 %, Fe2O3/FeO ≈ 1.52~7.70, K2O+Na2O ≈ 1.6 %~6.8 %, Na2O/K2O ≈ 0.02~0.43, CaO+MgO ≈ 0.8 %~9.2 %. By comparing the chemical composition combinations of 15 kinds of rocks collected from China in this study, it is proven that the quantitative criterion proposed in this study are effective.

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Mechanical properties and modified binary–medium constitutive model for red–bed soft rock subjected to freeze–thaw cycles

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

The Mechanism of Mineral Dissolution on the Development of Red-Bed Landslides in the Wudongde Reservoir Region

The Mechanism of Mineral Dissolution on the Development of Red-Bed Landslides in the Wudongde Reservoir Region

Stability Control Method and Field Testing of High Embankment with Red Bed Soft Rock and Soil Stone Mixture Fill Roadbed

Basic chemical compositions combination rules and quantitative criterion of red beds

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